Автор: Пользователь скрыл имя, 06 Марта 2013 в 18:07, творческая работа
Дана робота дає ґрунтовне пояснення основних тенденцій національного та зарубіжного ринків шоколаду. На основі проведеного маркетингового дослідження можна зробити висновок, що через достатньо низький, порівняно з іншими країнами, рівень споживання шоколаду в Україні потенціал національних виробників не реалізовується повністю на внутрішньому ринку. Оскільки українські компанії виробляють достатньо широкий асортимент продукції високої якості за помірними цінами, то вихід на зарубіжні ринки для національних виробників є цілком доцільним.
СПИСОК ДОДАТКІВ ………………………………………………………...…3
СПИСОК ІЛЮСТРАЦІЙ ……………..……………………………………..….4
СПИСОК ВИКОРИСТАНИХ СКОРОЧЕНЬ ………………………….……….5
РЕЗЮМЕ ……………………………………………………………….…………6
ВСТУП…………………………………………………………………….………7
МЕТОДОЛОГІЯ ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ……………………………………………...9
РОЗДІЛ 1. Особливості продукту та перспективи розвитку галузі національної економіки…………………………………………………………11
Особливості продукту……………………………………………………....11
Сучасний стан національного ринку шоколаду України…………………17
1.3 Тенденції розвитку національного ринку шоколаду в Україні…………...29
РОЗДІЛ 2. Стан світового ринку шоколаду……………………………………32
РОЗДІЛ 3. Вибір цільових ринків……………………………………………...42
РОЗДІЛ 3. Обґрунтування маркетингових заходів……………………..…….76
ВИСНОВКИ……….………………………………………………………….…80
РЕКОМЕНДАЦІЇ………………………………………………………………..82
ДЖЕРЕЛА ВТОРИННОЇ ІНФОРМАЦІЇ………………………………………83
КОРИСНІ АДРЕСИ І ТЕЛЕФОНИ…………………………………………….84
ДОДАТКИ………………………………………………………………………..86
ІЛЮСТРАЦІЇ………………………………………………..……………….…..97
Додаток3 Соціально-економічні показники Китаю
China
BASIC INDICATORS |
|||||||||||||
Population (thousands, 2010) |
1 338 300 |
Rank in world trade, 2010 |
Exports |
Imports |
|||||||||
GDP (million current US$, 2010) |
5 878 629 |
Merchandise |
1 |
2 |
|||||||||
GDP (million current PPP US$, 2010) |
10 084 764 |
excluding intra-EU trade |
2 |
3 |
|||||||||
Current account balance (million US$, 2010) |
305 370 |
Commercial services |
4 |
3 |
|||||||||
Trade per capita (US$, 2008-2010) |
2 135 |
excluding intra-EU trade |
3 |
3 |
|||||||||
Trade to GDP ratio (2008-2010) |
55.4 |
||||||||||||
Annual percentage change |
|||||||||||||
2010 |
2005-2010 |
2009 |
2010 | ||||||||||
Real GDP (2005=100) |
170 |
11 |
9 |
10 | |||||||||
Exports of goods and services (volume, 2005=100) |
180 |
12 |
-10 |
25 |
|||||||||
Imports of goods and services (volume, 2005=100) |
168 |
11 |
4 |
17 |
|||||||||
TRADE POLICY |
|||||||||||||
WTO accession |
11 December 2001 |
Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2011) |
6.878 |
||||||||||
Trade Policy Review |
31 May, 2 June 2010 |
Import duties collected (%, 2006-2008) |
|||||||||||
GPA accession |
Observer |
in total tax revenue |
3.0 |
||||||||||
Tariffs and duty free imports |
to total imports |
1.9 |
|||||||||||
Tariff binding coverage (%) |
100 |
Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force |
|||||||||||
MFN tariffs |
Final bound |
Applied 2010 |
Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry |
12 |
|||||||||
Simple average of import duties |
Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO |
9 - 8 |
|||||||||||
All goods |
10.0 |
9.6 |
Anti-dumping (30 June 2010) |
119 |
|||||||||
Agricultural goods (AOA) |
15.7 |
15.6 |
Countervailing duties (30 June 2010) |
1 |
|||||||||
Non-agricultural goods |
9.2 |
8.7 |
Safeguards (22 October 2010) |
0 |
|||||||||
Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) |
0.0 |
0.5 |
Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) |
||||||||||
MFN duty free imports (%, 2009) |
Requests for consultation |
8 - 22 |
|||||||||||
in agricultural goods (AOA) |
0.9 |
Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports |
4 - 5 |
||||||||||
in non-agricultural goods |
50.6 |
Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) |
0 - 0 |
||||||||||
Services sectors with GATS commitments |
93 |
Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU) |
0 - 0 |
||||||||||
MERCHANDISE TRADE |
Value |
Annual percentage change |
|||||||||||
2010 |
2005-2010 |
2009 |
2010 |
||||||||||
Merchandise exports, f.o.b. (million US$) |
1 577 824 |
16 |
-16 |
31 |
|||||||||
Merchandise imports, c.i.f. (million US$) |
1 395 099 |
16 |
-11 |
39 |
|||||||||
2010 |
2010 |
||||||||||||
Share in world total exports |
10.36 |
Share in world total imports |
9.06 |
||||||||||
Breakdown in economy's total exports |
Breakdown in economy's total imports |
||||||||||||
By main commodity group (ITS) |
By main commodity group (ITS) |
||||||||||||
Agricultural products |
3.3 |
Agricultural products |
7.8 |
||||||||||
Fuels and mining products |
3.0 |
Fuels and mining products |
26.7 |
||||||||||
Manufactures |
93.6 |
Manufactures |
64.1 |
||||||||||
By main destination |
By main origin |
||||||||||||
1. European Union (27) |
19.7 |
1. Japan |
12.6 |
||||||||||
2. United States |
18.0 |
2. European Union (27) |
12.0 |
||||||||||
3. Hong Kong, China |
13.8 |
3. Korea, Republic of |
9.9 |
||||||||||
4. Japan |
7.7 |
4. Taipei, Chinese |
8.3 |
||||||||||
5. Korea, Republic of |
4.4 |
5. China |
7.6 |
||||||||||
COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE |
Value |
Annual percentage change |
|||||||||||
2010 |
2005-2010 |
2009 |
2010 |
||||||||||
Commercial services exports (million US$) |
170 248 |
18 |
-12 |
32 |
|||||||||
Commercial services imports (million US$) |
192 174 |
18 |
0 |
22 |
|||||||||
2010 |
2010 |
||||||||||||
Share in world total exports |
4.61 |
Share in world total imports |
5.47 |
||||||||||
Breakdown in economy's total exports |
Breakdown in economy's total imports |
||||||||||||
By principal services item |
By principal services item |
||||||||||||
Transportation |
20.1 |
Transportation |
32.9 |
||||||||||
Travel |
26.9 |
Travel |
28.6 |
||||||||||
Other commercial services |
53.0 |
Other commercial services |
38.5 |
||||||||||
INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY |
|||||||||||||
Patent grants by patent office, 2009 |
Trademark registrations by office, 2009 |
||||||||||||
Residents |
Non-residents |
Total |
Direct residents |
Direct non-residents |
Madrid |
Total |
|||||||
65 391 |
63 098 |
128 489 |
737 228 |
68 471 |
12 934 |
818 633 |
|||||||
Додаток
Додаток 4 Соціально-економічні показники Німеччини
Germany |
|||||||||||||
BASIC INDICATORS |
|||||||||||||
Population (thousands, 2010) |
81 702 |
Rank in world trade, 2010 |
Exports |
Imports |
|||||||||
GDP (million current US$, 2010) |
3 309 669 |
Merchandise |
3 |
3 |
|||||||||
GDP (million current PPP US$, 2010) |
3 071 282 |
excluding intra-EU trade |
- |
- |
|||||||||
Current account balance (million US$, 2010) |
187 332 |
Commercial services |
2 |
2 |
|||||||||
Trade per capita (US$, 2008-2010) |
35 679 |
excluding intra-EU trade |
- |
- |
|||||||||
Trade to GDP ratio (2008-2010) |
85.3 |
||||||||||||
Annual percentage change |
|||||||||||||
2010 |
2005-2010 |
2009 |
2010 | ||||||||||
Real GDP (2005=100) |
106 |
1 |
-5 |
4 | |||||||||
Exports of goods and services (volume, 2005=100) a |
107 |
2 |
-14 |
... |
|||||||||
Imports of goods and services (volume, 2005=100) a |
110 |
2 |
-9 |
... |
|||||||||
TRADE POLICY |
|||||||||||||
WTO accession |
1 January 1995 |
Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2011) |
8.856 |
||||||||||
Trade Policy Review |
6, 8 July 2011 |
Import duties collected |
|||||||||||
GPA accession |
1 January 1996 |
in total tax revenue |
... |
||||||||||
Tariffs and duty free imports |
to total imports |
... |
|||||||||||
Tariff binding coverage (%) |
100 |
Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force |
|||||||||||
MFN tariffs |
Final bound |
Applied 2010 |
Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry |
18 |
|||||||||
Simple average of import duties |
Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO |
31 - 10 |
|||||||||||
All goods |
5.0 |
5.1 |
Anti-dumping (30 June 2010) |
149 |
|||||||||
Agricultural goods (AOA) |
12.3 |
12.8 |
Countervailing duties (30 June 2010) |
8 |
|||||||||
Non-agricultural goods |
3.9 |
4.0 |
Safeguards (22 October 2010) |
0 |
|||||||||
Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) |
4.8 |
4.7 |
Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) |
||||||||||
MFN duty free imports (%, 2009) |
Requests for consultation |
85 - 70 |
|||||||||||
in agricultural goods (AOA) |
41.1 |
Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports |
33 - 32 |
||||||||||
in non-agricultural goods |
51.4 |
Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) |
4 - 4 |
||||||||||
Services sectors with GATS commitments |
115 |
Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU) |
4 - 3 |
||||||||||
MERCHANDISE TRADE |
Value |
Annual percentage change |
|||||||||||
2010 |
2005-2010 |
2009 |
2010 |
||||||||||
Merchandise exports, f.o.b. (million US$) |
1 268 874 |
5 |
-23 |
13 |
|||||||||
Merchandise imports, c.i.f. (million US$) |
1 066 839 |
7 |
-22 |
15 |
|||||||||
2010 |
2010 |
||||||||||||
Share in world total exports |
8.33 |
Share in world total imports |
6.93 |
||||||||||
Breakdown in economy's total exports |
Breakdown in economy's total imports |
||||||||||||
By main commodity group (ITS) |
By main commodity group (ITS) |
||||||||||||
Agricultural products |
6.4 |
Agricultural products |
9.6 |
||||||||||
Fuels and mining products |
5.2 |
Fuels and mining products |
16.4 |
||||||||||
Manufactures |
86.0 |
Manufactures |
72.0 |
||||||||||
By main destination |
By main origin |
||||||||||||
1. European Union (27) |
60.3 |
1. European Union (27) |
56.4 |
||||||||||
2. United States |
6.8 |
2. China |
9.4 |
||||||||||
3. China |
5.6 |
3. United States |
5.6 |
||||||||||
4. Switzerland |
4.4 |
4. Switzerland |
4.1 |
||||||||||
5. Russian Federation |
2.7 |
5. Russian Federation |
3.9 |
||||||||||
COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE |
Value |
Annual percentage change |
|||||||||||
2010 |
2005-2010 |
2009 |
2010 |
||||||||||
Commercial services exports (million US$) |
232 394 |
8 |
-12 |
3 |
|||||||||
Commercial services imports (million US$) |
259 737 |
4 |
-12 |
3 |
|||||||||
2010 |
2010 |
||||||||||||
Share in world total exports |
6.29 |
Share in world total imports |
7.40 |
||||||||||
Breakdown in economy's total exports |
Breakdown in economy's total imports |
||||||||||||
By principal services item |
By principal services item |
||||||||||||
Transportation |
24.7 |
Transportation |
24.1 |
||||||||||
Travel |
14.9 |
Travel |
29.9 |
||||||||||
Other commercial services |
60.4 |
Other commercial services |
46.0 |
||||||||||
INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY |
|||||||||||||
Patent grants by patent office, 2009 |
Trademark registrations by office, 2009 |
||||||||||||
Residents |
Non-residents |
Total |
Direct residents |
Direct non-residents |
Madrid |
Total |
|||||||
10 284 |
4 151 |
14 435 |
47 218 |
2 599 |
4 725 |
54 542 |
|||||||
Додаток 5 Соціально-економічні показники Польщі
Додаток
Poland | ||||||||||||
BASIC INDICATORS |
||||||||||||
Population (thousands, 2010) |
38 187 |
Rank in world trade, 2010 |
Exports |
Imports | ||||||||
GDP (million current US$, 2010) |
468 585 |
Merchandise |
28 |
24 | ||||||||
GDP (million current PPP US$, 2010) |
754 097 |
excluding intra-EU trade |
- |
- | ||||||||
Current account balance (million US$, 2010) |
- 15 879 |
Commercial services |
30 |
31 | ||||||||
Trade per capita (US$, 2008-2010) |
10 289 |
excluding intra-EU trade |
- |
- | ||||||||
Trade to GDP ratio (2008-2010) |
82.4 |
|||||||||||
Annual percentage change | ||||||||||||
2010 |
2005-2010 |
2009 |
2010 | |||||||||
Real GDP (2005=100) |
126 |
5 |
2 |
4 | ||||||||
Exports of goods and services (volume, 2005=100) |
130 |
5 |
-9 |
6 | ||||||||
Imports of goods and services (volume, 2005=100) |
133 |
6 |
-14 |
7 | ||||||||
TRADE POLICY |
||||||||||||
WTO accession |
1 July 1995 |
Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2011) |
1.050 | |||||||||
Trade Policy Review |
6, 8 July 2011 |
Import duties collected |
||||||||||
GPA accession |
1 May 2004 |
in total tax revenue |
... | |||||||||
Tariffs and duty free imports |
to total imports |
... | ||||||||||
Tariff binding coverage (%) |
100 |
Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force | ||||||||||
MFN tariffs |
Final bound |
Applied 2010 |
Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry |
18 | ||||||||
Simple average of import duties |
Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO |
31 - 10 | ||||||||||
All goods |
5.0 |
5.1 |
Anti-dumping (30 June 2010) |
149 | ||||||||
Agricultural goods (AOA) |
12.3 |
12.8 |
Countervailing duties (30 June 2010) |
8 | ||||||||
Non-agricultural goods |
3.9 |
4.0 |
Safeguards (22 October 2010) |
0 | ||||||||
Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) |
4.8 |
4.7 |
Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) | |||||||||
MFN duty free imports (%, 2009) |
Requests for consultation |
88 - 71 | ||||||||||
in agricultural goods (AOA) |
41.1 |
Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports |
34 - 32 | |||||||||
in non-agricultural goods |
51.4 |
Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) |
4 - 4 | |||||||||
Services sectors with GATS commitments |
61 |
Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU) |
4 - 3 | |||||||||
MERCHANDISE TRADE |
Value |
Annual percentage change | ||||||||||
2010 |
2005-2010 |
2009 |
2010 | |||||||||
Merchandise exports, f.o.b. (million US$) |
155 752 |
12 |
-20 |
14 | ||||||||
Merchandise imports, c.i.f. (million US$) |
173 648 |
11 |
-28 |
16 | ||||||||
2010 a |
2010 a | |||||||||||
Share in world total exports |
1.02 |
Share in world total imports |
1.13 | |||||||||
Breakdown in economy's total exports |
Breakdown in economy's total imports |
|||||||||||
By main commodity group (ITS) |
By main commodity group (ITS) |
|||||||||||
Agricultural products |
12.2 |
Agricultural products |
9.4 | |||||||||
Fuels and mining products |
8.6 |
Fuels and mining products |
14.3 | |||||||||
Manufactures |
79.1 |
Manufactures |
74.1 | |||||||||
By main destination |
By main origin |
|||||||||||
1. European Union (27) |
79.4 |
1. European Union (27) |
61.6 | |||||||||
2. Russian Federation |
3.7 |
2. China |
9.3 | |||||||||
3. Ukraine |
2.5 |
3. Russian Federation |
8.6 | |||||||||
4. Norway |
1.9 |
4. Korea, Republic of |
3.0 | |||||||||
5. United States |
1.8 |
5. United States |
2.3 | |||||||||
COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE |
Value |
Annual percentage change | ||||||||||
2010 |
2005-2010 |
2009 |
2010 | |||||||||
Commercial services exports (million US$) |
32 400 |
15 |
-19 |
13 | ||||||||
Commercial services imports (million US$) |
28 781 |
13 |
-21 |
22 | ||||||||
2010 |
2010 | |||||||||||
Share in world total exports |
0.88 |
Share in world total imports |
0.82 | |||||||||
Breakdown in economy's total exports |
Breakdown in economy's total imports |
|||||||||||
By principal services item |
By principal services item |
|||||||||||
Transportation |
27.1 |
Transportation |
21.2 | |||||||||
Travel |
29.2 |
Travel |
28.3 | |||||||||
Other commercial services |
43.7 |
Other commercial services |
50.5 | |||||||||
INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY |
||||||||||||
Patent grants by patent office, 2009 |
Trademark registrations by office, 2009 | |||||||||||
Residents |
Non-residents |
Total |
Direct residents |
Direct non-residents |
Madrid |
Total | ||||||
1 536 |
2 422 |
3 958 |
8 731 |
889 |
3 415 |
13 035 | ||||||
Додаток 6 Соціально-економічні показники Росії
Додаток
Russian Federation |
|||||||||||||
BASIC INDICATORS |
|||||||||||||
Population (thousands, 2010) |
141 750 |
Rank in world trade, 2010 |
Exports |
Imports |
|||||||||
GDP (million current US$, 2010) |
1 479 819 |
Merchandise |
12 |
18 |
|||||||||
GDP (million current PPP US$, 2010) |
2 812 383 |
excluding intra-EU trade |
7 |
12 |
|||||||||
Current account balance (million US$, 2010) |
71 129 |
Commercial services |
23 |
16 |
|||||||||
Trade per capita (US$, 2008-2010) |
5 279 |
excluding intra-EU trade |
12 |
9 |
|||||||||
Trade to GDP ratio (2008-2010) |
51.5 |
||||||||||||
Annual percentage change |
|||||||||||||
2010 |
2005-2010 |
2009 |
2010 | ||||||||||
Real GDP (2005=100) |
118 |
3 |
-8 |
4 | |||||||||
Exports of goods and services (volume, 2005=100) |
114 |
3 |
-5 |
5 |
|||||||||
Imports of goods and services (volume, 2005=100) |
144 |
8 |
-30 |
18 |
|||||||||
TRADE POLICY |
|||||||||||||
WTO accession |
Observer |
Contribution to WTO budget |
- |
||||||||||
Trade Policy Review |
- |
Import duties collected (%, 2008-2009) |
|||||||||||
GPA accession |
- |
in total tax revenue |
5.7 |
||||||||||
Tariffs and duty free imports |
to total imports |
6.5 |
|||||||||||
Tariff binding coverage (%) |
- |
Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force |
|||||||||||
MFN tariffs |
Final bound |
Applied 2010 |
Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry |
- |
|||||||||
Simple average of import duties |
Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO |
7 - 0 |
|||||||||||
All goods |
- |
9.5 |
Anti-dumping |
- |
|||||||||
Agricultural goods (AOA) |
- |
13.5 |
Countervailing duties |
- |
|||||||||
Non-agricultural goods |
- |
8.9 |
Safeguards |
- |
|||||||||
Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) |
- |
12.6 |
Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) |
||||||||||
MFN duty free imports (%, 2009) |
Requests for consultation |
- |
|||||||||||
in agricultural goods (AOA) |
9.8 |
Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports |
- |
||||||||||
in non-agricultural goods |
33.0 |
Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) |
- |
||||||||||
Services sectors with GATS commitments |
- |
Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU) |
- |
||||||||||
MERCHANDISE TRADE |
Value |
Annual percentage change |
|||||||||||
2010 |
2005-2010 |
2009 |
2010 |
||||||||||
Merchandise exports, f.o.b. (million US$) |
400 132 |
10 |
-36 |
32 |
|||||||||
Merchandise imports, f.o.b. (million US$) |
248 738 |
15 |
-34 |
30 |
|||||||||
2010 |
2010 |
||||||||||||
Share in world total exports |
2.63 |
Share in world total imports |
1.61 |
||||||||||
Breakdown in economy's total exports |
Breakdown in economy's total imports |
||||||||||||
By main commodity group (ITS) |
By main commodity group (ITS) |
||||||||||||
Agricultural products |
5.2 |
Agricultural products |
14.8 |
||||||||||
Fuels and mining products |
70.4 |
Fuels and mining products |
5.3 |
||||||||||
Manufactures |
20.2 |
Manufactures |
75.7 |
||||||||||
By main destination |
By main origin |
||||||||||||
1. European Union (27) |
52.2 |
1. European Union (27) |
38.3 |
||||||||||
2. Ukraine |
5.8 |
2. China |
15.7 |
||||||||||
3. Turkey |
5.1 |
3. Ukraine |
5.6 |
||||||||||
4. China |
5.1 |
4. United States |
4.5 |
||||||||||
5. Belarus |
4.5 |
5. Japan |
4.1 |
||||||||||
Unspecified destinations |
1.8 |
Unspecified origins |
8.0 |
||||||||||
COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE |
Value |
Annual percentage change |
|||||||||||
2010 |
2005-2010 |
2009 |
2010 |
||||||||||
Commercial services exports (million US$) |
43 961 |
12 |
-19 |
7 |
|||||||||
Commercial services imports (million US$) |
70 223 |
13 |
-20 |
19 |
|||||||||
2010 |
2010 |
||||||||||||
Share in world total exports |
1.19 |
Share in world total imports |
2.00 |
||||||||||
Breakdown in economy's total exports |
Breakdown in economy's total imports |
||||||||||||
By principal services item |
By principal services item |
||||||||||||
Transportation |
33.9 |
Transportation |
17.1 |
||||||||||
Travel |
20.4 |
Travel |
37.8 |
||||||||||
Other commercial services |
45.6 |
Other commercial services |
45.2 |
||||||||||
INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY |
|||||||||||||
Patent grants by patent office, 2009 |
Trademark registrations by office, 2009 |
||||||||||||
Residents |
Non-residents |
Total |
Direct residents |
Direct non-residents |
Madrid |
Total |
|||||||
26 294 |
8 530 |
34 824 |
19 585 |
8 750 |
12 153 |
40 488 |
|||||||
Додаток 7 Соціально-економічні показники США
United States |
|||||||||||||
BASIC INDICATORS |
|||||||||||||
Population (thousands, 2010) |
309 051 |
Rank in world trade, 2010 |
Exports |
Imports |
|||||||||
GDP (million current US$, 2010) |
14 582 400 |
Merchandise |
2 |
1 |
|||||||||
GDP (million current PPP US$, 2010) |
14 582 400 |
excluding intra-EU trade |
3 |
2 |
|||||||||
Current account balance (million US$, 2010) |
- 470 250 |
Commercial services |
1 |
1 |
|||||||||
Trade per capita (US$, 2008-2010) |
12 919 |
excluding intra-EU trade |
2 |
2 |
|||||||||
Trade to GDP ratio (2008-2010) |
27.7 |
||||||||||||
Annual percentage change |
|||||||||||||
2010 |
2005-2010 |
2009 |
2010 | ||||||||||
Real GDP (2005=100) |
105 |
1 |
-3 |
3 | |||||||||
Exports of goods and services (volume, 2005=100) a |
114 |
3 |
-10 |
... |
|||||||||
Imports of goods and services (volume, 2005=100) a |
91 |
-2 |
-14 |
... |
|||||||||
TRADE POLICY |
|||||||||||||
WTO accession |
1 January 1995 |
Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2011) |
12.422 |
||||||||||
Trade Policy Review |
29 September, 1 October 2010 |
Import duties collected (%, 2007-2009) |
|||||||||||
GPA accession |
1 January 1996 |
in total tax revenue |
1.0 |
||||||||||
Tariffs and duty free imports |
to total imports |
1.2 |
|||||||||||
Tariff binding coverage (%) |
100.0 |
Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force |
|||||||||||
MFN tariffs |
Final bound |
Applied 2010 |
Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry |
11 |
|||||||||
Simple average of import duties |
Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO |
11 - 10 |
|||||||||||
All goods |
3.5 |
3.5 |
Anti-dumping (30 June 2010) |
257 |
|||||||||
Agricultural goods (AOA) |
4.8 |
4.9 |
Countervailing duties (30 June 2010) |
43 |
|||||||||
Non-agricultural goods |
3.3 |
3.3 |
Safeguards (22 October 2010) |
0 |
|||||||||
Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) |
8.2 |
8.1 |
Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) |
||||||||||
MFN duty free imports (%, 2009) |
Requests for consultation |
97 - 113 |
|||||||||||
in agricultural goods (AOA) |
41.6 |
Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports |
37 - 61 |
||||||||||
in non-agricultural goods |
51.4 |
Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) |
6 - 12 |
||||||||||
Services sectors with GATS commitments |
110 |
Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU) |
11 - 4 |
||||||||||
MERCHANDISE TRADE |
Value |
Annual percentage change |
|||||||||||
2010 |
2005-2010 |
2009 |
2010 |
||||||||||
Merchandise exports, f.o.b. (million US$) |
1 278 263 |
7 |
-18 |
21 |
|||||||||
Merchandise imports, c.i.f. (million US$) |
1 969 184 |
3 |
-26 |
23 |
|||||||||
2010 |
2010 |
||||||||||||
Share in world total exports |
8.39 |
Share in world total imports |
12.78 |
||||||||||
Breakdown in economy's total exports |
Breakdown in economy's total imports |
||||||||||||
By main commodity group (ITS) |
By main commodity group (ITS) |
||||||||||||
Agricultural products |
11.2 |
Agricultural products |
5.9 |
||||||||||
Fuels and mining products |
10.0 |
Fuels and mining products |
20.7 |
||||||||||
Manufactures |
73.8 |
Manufactures |
69.5 |
||||||||||
By main destination |
By main origin |
||||||||||||
1. Canada |
19.4 |
1. China |
19.4 |
||||||||||
2. European Union (27) |
18.8 |
2. European Union (27) |
16.6 |
||||||||||
3. Mexico |
12.7 |
3. Canada |
14.2 |
||||||||||
4. China |
7.2 |
4. Mexico |
11.8 |
||||||||||
5. Japan |
4.7 |
5. Japan |
6.3 |
||||||||||
COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE |
Value |
Annual percentage change |
|||||||||||
2010 |
2005-2010 |
2009 |
2010 |
||||||||||
Commercial services exports (million US$) |
518 335 |
8 |
-7 |
9 |
|||||||||
Commercial services imports (million US$) |
358 074 |
6 |
-8 |
7 |
|||||||||
2010 |
2010 |
||||||||||||
Share in world total exports |
14.04 |
Share in world total imports |
10.20 |
||||||||||
Breakdown in economy's total exports |
Breakdown in economy's total imports |
||||||||||||
By principal services item |
By principal services item |
||||||||||||
Transportation |
13.7 |
Transportation |
21.5 |
||||||||||
Travel |
25.6 |
Travel |
22.9 |
||||||||||
Other commercial services |
60.7 |
Other commercial services |
55.6 |
||||||||||
INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY |
|||||||||||||
Patent grants by patent office, 2009 |
Trademark registrations by office, 2009 |
||||||||||||
Residents |
Non-residents |
Total |
Direct residents |
Direct non-residents |
Madrid |
Total |
|||||||
82 382 |
84 967 |
167 349 |
142 458 |
34 264 |
2 058 |
178 780 |
|||||||
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