1. “Please help me with this work, Henry,” said Robert. 2. “Please bring me some fish soup,” he said to the waitress. 3. “Please don’t mention it to anybody,” Mary said to her friend. 4. He said to us: “Come here tomorrow.” 5. I said to Mike: “Send me a telegram as soon as you arrive.” 6. Father said to me: “Don’t stay here long.” 7. “Explain to me how to solve this problem,” said my friend to me. 8. The doctor said to Nick: “Open your mouth and show me your tongue.” 9. “Don’t be afraid of my dog,” said the man to Kate. 10. The doctor said to Pete: “Don’t go for a walk today.”

 
 

    Упражнение 5. Передайте следующие повествовательные предложения в косвенной речи.

            E.g.: He said “I have just received a letter from my uncle.” – He said he had just received a letter from his uncle.

    1. “I am going to the theatre tonight,” he said to me. 2. I said to them: “I can give you my uncle’s address.” 3. Oleg said: “My room is on the second floor.” 4. Misha said: “I saw them at my parents’  house last year.” 5. “I don’t go to this shop very often,” she said. 6. “This man spoke to me on the road,” said the woman. 7. The teacher said to the class: “We shall discuss this subject tomorrow.” 8. Mike said: “We have bought these books today.” 9. She said: “You will read this book in the 9^th form.” 10. “You have not done your work well,” said the teacher to me.

 

    Упражнение 6. Восстановите прямую речь в следующих предложениях.

            E.g.: Tom said he would go to see the doctor the next day. – Tom said: “I shall go and see the doctor tomorrow”

    1. He told me he was ill. 2. He told me he had fallen ill. 3. They told me that Tom had not come to school the day before. 4. I told my sister that she might catch cold. 5. She told me she had caught cold. 6. She said she was feeling bad that day. 7. The old man told the doctor that he had pain in his right side. 8. He said he had just been examined by a good doctor. 9. He said he would not come to school until Monday. 10. The man said he had spent a month at a health resort.

 
 
 

    Упражнение 7. Передайте следующие специальные вопросы в косвенной речи.

            E.g.: Mother said to me: “Who has brought this parcel?” – Mother asked me who had brought that parcel.

1. He said to her: “Where do you usually spend your summer holidays?”  2. Ann said to Mike: “When did you leave London?” 3. She said to Boris: “When will you be back home?” 4. Boris said to them: “How can I get to the railway station?” 5. Mary asked Tom: “What time will you come here tomorrow?” 6. She asked me: “Why didn’t you come here yesterday?” 7. I said to Nick: “Where are you going?” 8. I said to him: “How long are you going to stay here?” 9. Pete said to his friends: “When are you leaving St. Petersburg?” 10. He said to them: “Who will you see before you leave here?”

    Упражнение 8. Передайте следующие специальные вопросы в косвенной речи, начиная каждое предложение со слов, данных в скобках.

            E.g.: Where did I put the book? (I forgot …) – I forgot where I had put the book.

1. Who has given you this nice kitten? (She wanted to know …) 2. Where can I

buy an English-Russian dictionary? (He asked me …) 3. How long will it take your brother to get to Madrid? (He wondered …) 4. Where is he going? (He didn’t tell anybody …) 5. Where has he gone? (Did you know …) 6. Where is he? (Did you know …) 7. When will he come back? (She asked them …) .8. Where does he live? (Nobody knew …) 9. When will he come back? (She asked them …) 10. Where did she buy this hat? (He wanted to know …)

 

    Упражнение 9. Передайте следующие общие вопросы в косвенной речи.

            E.g. : I said to Mike: “Have you packed your suitcase?” – I asked Mike if he had packed his suitcase.

1. I said to Kate: “Did anybody meet you at the station?” 2. I said to her: “Can you give me their address?” 3. I asked  Tom: “Have you had breakfast?” 4. I asked my sister: “Will you stay at home or go for a walk after dinner?” 5. She said to the young man: “Can you call a taxi for me?” 6. Mary said to Peter: “Have you shown your photo to Dick?” 7. He said to us: “Did you go to the museum this morning?” 8. I said to Boris: “Does your friend live in London?” 9. I said to the man: “Are you living in a hotel?” 10. He said to me: “Do you often go to see your friends?”

 

    Упражнение 10. Восстановите прямую речь в следующих предложениях.

            E.g.: I asked him if he was going to a health resort. – I said to him: “Are you going to a health resort?”.

1. I asked him if the doctor had given him some medicine. I asked him if he was feeling better now. 2. I asked the man how long he had been in St. Petersburg. 3. We asked the girl if her father was still in Moscow. 4. I asked the girl what sort of work her father did. 5. I asked if they had taken the sick man to hospital. 6. I asked my friend if he had a headache. 7. I wanted to know when he had fallen ill. 8. I wondered if he had taken his temperature.

 
 

MODAL VERBS AND THEIR EQUIVALENTS

МОДАЛЬНЫЕ ГЛАГОЛЫ И ИХ ЭКВИВАЛЕНТЫ

      Модальные глаголы  образуют особую группу глаголов:

1. Не выражают действия. Показывают отношение говорящего к дейст-

виям  или состояниям;

2. Не имеют неличных форм (инфинитива, причастия), повелительного

наклонения, форм будущего времени, а некоторые - и форм прошедшего вре-мени;

3. Вопросительные   и   отрицательные   формы   этих   глаголов образу-

ются   без вспомогательного глагола do, они сами занимают его место: May I go? He cannot work.;

4. Не изменяются по лицам и числам (в настоящем времени в 3 л.ед.ч.

не имеют  окончания -s): He can read. She may go.;

5. После модальных глаголов всегда употребляется смысловой глагол в

словарной форме (V). за исключением модального глагола «ought», после которого стоит «to +V».

 
 
 

    Условные обозначения:

1. V – словарная форма глагола (инфинитив без частицы - to)
2. 3fV – третья форма глагола (Participle II)
3. Ving  - четвертая форма глагола (Participle I)

Употребление  модальных глаголов

 
 

    Упражнение 1. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. I can answer the questions. They are very easy. 2. This old woman cannot sleep at night. 3. Can you speak Spanish? 4. Mike can run very fast. 5. I was sure that you couldn’t  translate that article. 6. The children cannot carry this box: it is too heavy. 7. We knew that she could swim well. 8. I can give you my book for a couple of days. 9. I could not solve the problem, but he explained it to me. 10. Nobody could help me.

 

    Упражнение 2. Переведите на английский язык, употребляя модальный глагол can (could)

1. Мой  папа умеет говорить по-немецки. 2. Я не могу выпить это молоко. 3. Ты умел плавать в прошлом  году? 4. Они были счастливы, что  сумели помочь друзьям. 5. Ты можешь  ей помочь? – Могу. 6. Я не могу смотреть телевизор по вечерам, у меня слишком много дел. 7. Она не могла заставить его приняться за работу. 8. Что я могу сказать? 9. Нельзя любить и быть мудрым. 10. Хороший совет можно дать, доброе имя нельзя дать.

 
 

    Упражнение 3. Переведите на английский язык, употребляя выражение                             to be able to

1 .Вчера  я не смог повидать директора. 2. Я думаю, она не сумеет  решить эту задачу. 3. Ты сможешь  сделать эту работу завтра? 4. Мы сможем поехать в Нью-Йорк в будущем году. 5. Мы знаем, что она умеет плавать с детства. 6. Она не сможет вовремя добраться до аэропорта. 7. Завтра я буду, свободен и смогу помочь тебе. 8. Они никогда не могли оценить твою доброту. 9. Боюсь, что он не сможет помочь мне переехать в новый дом на следующей неделе. 10. Он умеет кататься на лыжах уже в течение 10 лет.