Структурно-семантична характеристика фразеологічних одиниць з колірним компонентом в англійській та українській мовах

     переживання, хвороби, важкої праці)” [ФСУМ, с. 950]

56. чорної пам’яті – „уживається для вираження негативного ставлення при

     згадці про когось, щось” [ФСУМ, с. 606]

57. щоб прийшла чорна година – „уживається для вираження великого

     незадоволення кого-, чого-небудь та побажання нещастя комусь”

    [ФСУМ, с. 178]

58. як (мов, ніби) чорна хмара   –   „дуже    сумний,   похмурий,    невеселий,

      невдоволений” [ФСУМ, с. 927]

59. як чорний віл на ногу наступив – „хто-небудь одружився і зазнав всіх

     неприємностей,    пов’язаних    з   подружнім     життям”

     [ФСУМ, с. 129]

60. як чорний (той) віл у ярмі – „(з словами робити, працювати) дуже важко,  

     надмірно” [ФСУМ, с. 129]

 

Фразеологічні одиниці, що містять компонент  white в англійській мові

 

1.  (as) white  as ashes – „very pale in the face, because of illness or great fear”

     []

2. (as) white as chalk – „having the colour of milk, snow”; „completely white” []

3.  (as) white as death – „very pale in the face, because of illness or great fear” []

4.  (as) white as driven snow – „having the colour of milk, snow”; „completely

     white” []

5.  (as) white as a fish – „their meat being bloodless” []

6.  (as) white as a ghost – „very pale in the face, because of illness or great fear”

     []

7. (as) white as ivory – „having the colour of milk, snow”; „completely white”

     []

8. (as) white as a Lily – „having the colour of milk, snow”; „completely white” []

9.  (as) white as marble – „very pale in the face, because of illness or great fear”

     []

10.(as) white as milk – „having the colour of milk, snow”; „completely white” []

11.(as) white as a sheet – „very pale in the face, because of illness or great fear”

     []

12.(as) white as snow – „having the colour of milk, snow”; „completely white”

     []

13.(as) white as wool – „having the colour of milk, snow”; „completely white” []

14. be white about (around) the gills, to – „showing signs of terror”; „very

      afraid”

15. bleed white, to – „to make (a person, company) use all his/its wealth for one’s

      profit or advantage; to cause (someone) to spend all his money on one” []

16. call white black, to – „to deny all the things that exist” []

17. do penance in a white sheet, to – „when you are sorry for having done bad

      things, making mistakes and tell  people about it” []

18. fly the white feather, to – „to reveal one’s fear or cowardly feelings.

      Referring to a cock (a male chicken) that has been bred for fighting as a

      sport. If the chicken had any white feathers, it was thought to be badly bred”  

      []

19. hang out the white flag, to – „to admit defeat; show that one is afraid or a

      coward”

20. hoist the white flag, to – „to admit defeat; show that one is afraid or a coward” []

21. lie whitely, to – „to tell a  lie in order to protect someone or avoid hurting

      their feelings” []

22. lily white – „completely white” []

23. make white black, to – „to be stubborn and not to agree with the situation and

      things that have happened” []

24. mount the white feather, to – „to reveal one’s fear or cowardly feelings.

      Referring to a cock (a male chicken) that has been bred for fighting as a

      sport. If the chicken had any white feathers, it was thought to be badly bred”

      []

25. prove that black is white, to – „to be willing to do or say anything in order to

      get what one wants” []

26. put on a white sheet, to – „when you are sorry for having done bad things,

      making mistakes and tell  people about it” []

27. red, white and blue – „the Union flag of the United Kingdom, the colours of

      the three crosses making up the Union flag, the red on white cross of St George

      (for England), the white on blue cross saltire of St Andrew (for Scotland), and  

      the red on white cross saltire of St Patrick (for Ireland)” []

28. river of white – „a white line or streak down a printed page where spaces  

      between words on consecutive lines are close together” []

29. show the white feather, to – „to reveal one’s fear or cowardly feelings.

      Referring to a cock (a male chicken) that has been bred for fighting as a

      sport. If the chicken had any white feathers, it was thought to be badly bred”

      []

30. show the white flag, to – „to admit defeat; show that one is afraid or a coward”  

      []

31. stand in a white sheet, to – „when you are sorry for having done bad things,

      making mistakes and tell  people about it” []

32. swear that black is white, to – „to be willing to do or say anything in order to

      get what one wants” []

33. turn white into black, to – „to deny all the things that exist” []

34. wash a blackmoor white, to – „to do something that is completely hopeless

      and not worth doing” []

35. wash an Ethiopian white, to – „to do something that is completely hopeless

      and not worth doing” []

36. white caps – „the foam on the crest of a wave” []

37. white-collar – „relating to or designating the salaried section of the working

      population (teachers, civil servants) whose duties call for the wearing of neat,

      conventional clothes” []

38. white collar job – „job in offices, banks” []

39. white-collar slaves (workers) – „workers who have jobs in offices, banks

      rather than jobs working in factories, building things” []

40. white crow – „something that is very rare, unusual and considered to be an  

      anomaly” []

41. whited (painted) sepulcher – „a person who pretends to be morally better

      than he really is”; „a Hypocrite” []

42. white elephant – „any unwanted possession, especially a property that is

      troublesome or expensive to keep; referring to a practice of the kings Siam

      when they wished to get rid of the followers who had displeased him. The

      king would give the follower a white elephant. The elephant was so costly to

      keep that its owner would be ruined” []

43. white feather – „a symbol of cowardice (a white feather in a gamecock’s tail

      supposedly being a sign of degeneracy)” []

44. white flag – „a flag or white piece of cloth generally recognized as a signal of

      truce, or as a token of surrender or of some peaceful intention” []

45. white flesh – „slaves with white, pale skin” []

46. White Friar – „a Carmelite friar; referring to the white color of his cloak” []

47. white frost – „hoar frost” []

48. white fuel – „power obtained from moving water, used to produce electricity

      or to make a machine work”

49. white-headed (white-haired) boy – „a person who is loved and respected by

     a lot of people” []

50. white heat of technology – „the most advanced form of technology” []

51. white (great) hope – „a person (who or a thing that) is expected to bring

     fame, glory, victory, to team or group of which he (or it) is representative; the

     phrase was attempting to beat a black fighter. Black boxers often held the first

     place in the sport” []

52. white horses – „waves crested with foam” []

53. white knight – „a welcome company bidding for a company facing an

      unwelcome takeover bid” []

54. White House – „the official residence of the U.S. president, in Washington. It

      was built in the late 18^th c. // the executive government of the U.S.A.” []

55. white letter – (printing) „Latin type” []

56. white lie – „a lie that you tell someone in order to protect them or avoid

      hurting their feelings” []

57. white light – „impartial judgement and conclusion about something” []

58. white-livered – „cowardly” []

59. white magic – фр. magie blanche, „magic used for good purposes” []

60. white man – „nice person who is very polite and shows that he/she is careful

      to consider other people’s needs and feelings” []

61. white man's burden – „alleged duty of the white people to spread their

      civilization to other people regarded as less developed, from The White Man’s

      Burden, a poem by Rudyard Kipling” []

62. white meat – „the pale-coloured meat from the breast, wings of a cooked

      chicken, turkey, or other bird” []

63. white Neptune's sheep – „waves in the sea or on a lake that are white at the

      top” []

64. white night – „the night when you cannot fall asleep” []

65. white noses – „waves with a crest of white foam” []

66. white paper – (esp.Br.) „an informative government report issued on a matter

      which has received official investigation” []

67. white satin – „the sort of an alcoholic drink” []

68. white scourge – „a serious infectious disease that affects many parts of your

      body, especially your lungs” []

69. white sheet – „white cloth that was put on by those people who admitted having

      done bad things and  making mistakes in public” []

70. white sheets – „a set of a large folded sheets of printed paper containing news,

      articles, pictures, advertisements which is sold daily or weekly” []

71. white-shirted scum

72. white slave – „a female held against her will and transported from one state or

      country to another for purposes of prostitution” []

73. white slaver – „a person whose business is to hold female slaves against

     their will for purposes of prostitution” []

74. white-slave traffic – „business of transporting the female slaves from one

      state or country to another for purposes of prostitution” []

75. white slavery – „business of dealing in white slaves”; „forced prostitution” []

76. white squall – „a sudden strong wind, especially one that brings rain (in the

      tropics)” []

77. white trap – „poison which is used for the hunting” []

78. white trash – „an insulting expression used to talk about white people who are

      poor and uneducated” []

79. white wings – „persons whose job is to look after some buildings and clean

      the yards” []

80. white witch – „a friendly and kind woman who is supposed to have magic

      powers, to do nice things”  []              

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             

Додаток Б

Фразеологічні одиниці, що містять компонент білий в українській мові

 

1.   біла кість – „люди знатного, дворянського походження” [ФСУМ, с. 378]  

2.   біла ворона – „про того, хто виділяється серед інших чимсь незвичайним”  

     [НТСУМ, с. 146]    

3.  біла книга – „збірник документів із метою інформування про діяльність   

     уряду в тій або іншій галузі (дипломатичній, військовій)” [ВТССУМ, с. 51]

4. біла пляма – „1. необжитий, невивчений район”; „2. недосліджене,

      маловивчене питання” [НТСУМ, с. 146]  

5.   біле вино – „натуральне виноградне   вино, прозоре, безбарвне”

     [НТСУМ, с. 146]  

6.   біле золото – „бавовна” [ФСУМ, с. 344]    

7.   біле м’ясо – „м’ясо, придатне до дієтичного харчування (курятина,

     телятина і т. ін.)” [НТСУМ, с. 146]    

8.   білий вірш – „вірш без рим” [НТСУМ, с. 146]    

9.   білий гриб – „один з кращих їстівних грибів, боровик” [НТСУМ, с. 146]    

10. білий двір – „не забруднений, чистий двір” [НТСУМ, с. 146]     

11. білий ліс – „березовий ліс” [НТСУМ, с. 146]    

12. білий ранок – „світанок” [НТСУМ, с. 146]  

13. білий світ – „1. ранок, світанок”; „2. земля, життя”; „3. все навколишнє”

      [НТСУМ, с. 146]    

14. білий хліб – „хліб, спечений з сіяного пшеничного борошна”

     [НТСУМ, с. 146]    

15. білі ночі – „літні ночі на півночі, коли вечірній присмерк зливається з

      світанком” [НТСУМ, с. 146]  

16. видавати біле за чорне – „виставляти когось, щось зовсім інакшим,

      повністю протилежним” [ФСУМ, с. 85]        

17. від білого світу до темної ночі – „від ранку до вечора, цілий день”

      [ФСУМ, с. 787]     

18. до білого волосу – „до старості” [ФСУМ, с. 145]     

19. до білого дня – „до світанку, поки розвидниться” [ФСУМ, с. 252]     

20. до білого снігу – „дуже довго, тривалий час” [ФСУМ, с. 837]  

21. казка про білого бичка – „що-небудь надумане, вигадане, нереальне”

      [ФСУМ, с. 361]     

22. ловити білі метелики – „бавитися, як дитина; витрачати час на пустощі,

      займатися несерйозними справами і т. ін.” [ФСУМ, с. 444]        

23. на білому (білім) світі – „на землі, серед людей” [НТСУМ, с. 146]       

24. на світ (білий, божий) не дивився б – „життя не миле, не хочеться жити

      від туги, горя і т. ін.” [ФСУМ, с. 234]        

25. не бачити білого світа за слізьми – „1. гірко, невтішно плакати”; „2. з