Донецьк –початок всіх маршрутів

On the right you can see the regional scientific library named after N.K. Krupskaya. As it is known, she was Lenin’s wife. Originally the project of the library belonged to the architect Gamza. It was in 1926. After the construction had been started it turned out that they did not have enough money to finish it. The working people of the city wrote a letter to N.K. Krupskaya, asking her to help them finish the construction. In 1937 the library was officially opened, but its construction had not been finished. Before the fascist occupation the library had not been evacuated that is why one part of the books was covered with water, another part was stolen. During the liberation the building of the library was destroyed because a bomb had hit it and it had been caught with fire. After the city had been liberated from the fascist Germans the activists began gathering the books from the houses and they restored the book fund which now exceeds 2 mln. books The building was completely renewed in 1950-s according to architect N.I. Porkhunov’s project. The building has a perimeter planning. The entrance is at the corner of the building and it is decorated with a portal with columns of a bit simplified Corinthian order. There is a dome above the portal.

We are now in Teatralnaya square and in front of you there is a so-called skiff corner. As you can see there is a replica of the gold pectoral, a replica of the skiff helmet and a figure of the skiff warrior. (The helmet was found during excavations of the skiff burial mound near Shakhtyorsk). On the helmet you can see two old men and four young men fighting with each other. This is an illustration to the myth which said that after the skiffs return from the Asian marches they were met with hostility by the descendants of their wives and slaves who had stayed at home. The helmet was made to the order of a rich skiff from Greece. Now it is kept in the museum of our capital.

Stone images were left to us by polovetses. In Turkic languages the stone image is pronounced as ‘baba’ and means a ‘strong, respected, hero-warrior’. Our ancestries had a custom to place stone figures of the deceased upland. They were considered idols, they were brought gifts and asked for protection. There are a lot of stone images in the museums of our region. They can also be seen in the preserves “Khomutovska Steppe” and Velykoanadol Forest.

There are five monuments in Teatralnaya Square: three architecture monuments, a monument of monumental art and a history monument.

Now you can see a monument to a prominent Ukrainian tenor Anatoliy Borisovich Solovyanenko. Solovyanenko was a student of Donetsk National Technical University, and later taught mathematics there. Only at quite a mature age (of about 30) he became an opera singer, sang his first parts in opera houses. In Italy he was awarded the order “Gold Star”, which is particularly honorable, as Italy is considered motherland of opera singing and many of world famous singers are Italians. The best Solovyanenko's role was the one of Duke of Mantuan from Giuseppe Verdi's opera "Rigoletto". No one has ever performed the part better than he did. That's why Solovyanenko was called “Duke of Mines”. He was engraved in this image by the sculptor A. Skoryh and the architect V. Vyazovskiy. The monument was established 31^st May, 2002. Thanks to Solovyanenko's deserts, Donetsk State Academic Russian Opera and Ballet Theatre, which we can see right in front of us, was named after him.

Donetsk State Academic Russian Opera and Ballet Theatre named after A.B. Solovyanenko was founded in 1932. During its long years of creative activity the company of the Theatre was highly praised both in Ukraine and abroad. Since 1989 opera and ballet troupes of the Theatre have been making successful tours to America, Italy, Spain, Portugal, France, Norway, Russia and other countries of the world.

The first season of the Theatre was opened with opera “Knyaz Igor” by A. Borodin, 1^st September, 1932, Lugansk. Nine years later the Theatre was transferred to Stalino by the decision of Ukrainian Soviet Government. The Theatre opened its first theatrical season in the new building with opera “Ivan Susanin” by M. Glinka already in April 1941. In the time of occupation some attempts to recover the activity of the Theatre were undertaken, the so-called “front opera” functioned. Vast concert activity was conducted in different units of the Army, military hospitals, among working people.

During liberation the banner in honor of the liberation of the city was set on this particular building, 7^th September, 1943. Nowadays this date is considered the Day of Liberation of Donbass.

The building itself is an architecture monument, just as the Library named after Krupskaya. The author of the project L. Kotovskiy used the same architectural techniques: the portal is decorated by a colonnade of the Corinthian order.

Talking about the Theatre one cannot but mention two wonderful ballet-dancers – Vadim Pisarev and Inna Dorofeeva.

People's Artist of Ukraine V. Pisarev is one of organizers and the supervisor of the International Festival “Stars of World Ballet” taking place in Donetsk. I. Dorofeeva is V. Pisarev's partner. She danced ballet parts on tours to the USA, Canada, France, Italy, Spain, Norway, Russia and other countries. In 1997 she was awarded the title of a People's Artist of Ukraine.

Opposite the Theatre there is another architecture monument of a similar style. It is a building of the Cinema-house named after T.G. Shevchenko, that was build in 1939 by the project of architect L.I. Teplitskiy. In the time of its construction it was the biggest two-hall cinema in Ukraine. The foyer was decorated with mosaic, and in the center there was established a monument to the Great Kobzar, on the pedestal of which the following words of “Zapovit” (“The Testament”) can be seen:

And in the great new family,

The family of the free,

With softly spoken, kindly word

Remember also me...

The Cinema was reconstructed several times. Today it is fitted with the most up-to-date equipment; also casino “The Third Rome”, night club “Chicago”, “Bikers' Bar” and many shops are situated in the building of the Cinema. Besides “Chicago”, such night clubs “NLO” (UFO), “Virus”, “Garage”, “Red Line” are very popular too.

Near the Cinema you can see another monument of architecture –  the building of the scientific research institute Dongiproshakht (Donetsk State Institute of Mines Projecting). The institute was built in 1952 by the project of the architect Navrotskiy. A lot of mines, including the one named after Zasyadko were built by his projects.

To the right you can see a monument to colonel F.A. Grinkevich. Colonel Franz Andreevich Grinkevich, commander of a tank brigade, took part in liberation of Donbass. In 1943 he was fatally wounded. He was buried with military honors in the city he liberated – on this very spot. In the same year a battle-cruiser tank T-34 (contemporary) was established on his grave. The monument to F. Grinkevich was reconstructed in 1964. The grave is situated in the prewar center of the city. The original tank of F. Grinkevich is near the Museum of Regional Studies. There you can find other samples of military techniques.

The monument to general-lieutenant K.A. Gurov, which is another remarkable sight, is situated nearby. A willow, with its plait-like long twigs, leaned over the monument. It resembles those trees, grown in his home village that he left in 1919 at the age of 18, and became a volunteer-soldier of the Red Army. He started his military service as an ordinary cavalryman and during the period of twenty years he became a general-lieutenant. Stalingrad, battles near the Don-river, Donbass – are the main landmarks of his front-life during the period of the Great Patriotic war. Difficulties of a war conditions told on his health. He had got heart problems. As a result, his heart couldn’t bear hard tension. It happened on 15 September, 1943, in the village of Gusarki, Zaporozhye region, where there was a South-front headquarters. The general’s body was delivered to the town, which was liberated by him some days ago. K.A. Gurov was buried in the public garden near the Opera and Ballet Theatre. The monument bust to Kuzma Akimovich Gurov was constructed in 1954 on the project of the sculptors A. Belostotskiy and E. Fridman and the architect N. Ivanchenko.

The legendary 5-star Hotel “Donbass Palace”, which is a part of an architectural heritage of the Donetsk area, is before you. The building was constructed in 1938. The original project was worked-out by the architects N. Rechanikov and A. Shuvalova, but later it was re-worked out by N. Porhunov. During the World War II, the hotel was destroyed partly and then it was reconstructed in 1947-1949 period, but it wasn’t given an initial form. The domical part wasn’t restored.

During the period 1996-1999 the hotel as well as the restaurant were not in the operation at all. A part of premises were rented as offices. But 62 years later the authorities of the football club “Shakhtar” suggested the idea of destroying the existing building and then reconstructing the hotel in accordance with the initial project, including the dome, and in such a way they returned the cultural heritage to Donetsk and built a 5-star hotel, that became a standard and a pearl of Ukraine. All facilities of the hotel are available for the residents of the city as well as for our guests.

There are more than 30 hotels in the city, such as “Atlas”,  “Eva”. “John Hughes”, “Prague”, ”Liverpool”  etc.

And now, dear friends, we are in the heart of the city of Donetsk – Lenin Square. The Square complex was formed in 1950s. It got its name after Vladimir Ilyich Lenin (Ulyanov) who was the leader of the Bolshevik Party in 1917; the revolution turned over the whole world and divided it into 2 camps: socialist and capitalist. The monument was constructed in 1967 to honour the 50 anniversary of the October revolution. Its authors are the sculptor E. Kuntsevich and architects V. Ivanchenko and N. Ivanchenko. It’s possible to dispute about the role of Lenin and his personality in history, but it isn’t our topic today.

Opposite the monument there is a monumental building of the “Mine Industry Ministry”. In the Soviet Union all Ministries were located in the capital, i.e. in Moscow, but Donetsk was an exception, the Mine Industry Ministry was in here, it witnessed that Donbass played an important role in the economy of the whole country. Now, offices of different companies are situated here.

Nearby the building of Voroshilovsky District Council, constructed in 1928, is situated. It was the largest administrative building in Donbass. In 1950s-1960s at the back side of it there was a rail-way branch. Air flights were not comfortable and safe enough at that time, that’s why the top-state and party authorities used this rail-way to get to the Stalinsky Regional Party Committee, which was housed in this building. On the left there is the Central Post-Office, which is coeval with the previous one. In the Square we can also see the Philharmonic Society named after S. Prokofiev.

Now we face the building of the Donetsk Academic Ukrainian Theatre of Musical Drama. This is a real Melpomena temple, representing deservedly a theatrical art to Donbass residents and our guests. It is attracted by splendour of its architectural forms, by comfort and the technique perfection of a modern building. The Theatre biography began in 1927, when in Kharkov (the capital of Ukraine at that time) the Workers’ theatre was founded, the basic cast of which was formed with the actors of a legendary theatre “Berezil”. Famous producers of Ukraine Vasiliy Vasilko and Alexander Zagarov were the creators of the theatre. In 1933 the theatre moved to Donbass, where there was no professional permanent Ukrainian theatre. In its present building the theatre works since February 4, 1961. In recent decade the theatre reached its highest upsurge. Its creative achievements are confirmed by production indices. For the first time in the history of Independent Ukrainian State, in August 2001, the Donetsk Regional Ukrainian Musical-Drama Theatre was awarded a status of Academic, for the significant achievements in the development of the Ukrainian theatre art. In 2004 season, a complete overhaul of the building of the Donetsk Academic Ukrainian Musical-Drama Theatre and its territory was completed without any hindrance to the creative activity of the theatre company. During the reconstruction a unique theatre complex with the main stage, furnished with modern technical equipment, two minor stages for creative experiments, a stage in the foyer and a summer site were created.

To the right of the theatre you can see the restaurant ‘The Golden Lion’. There is a great deal of cafes and restaurants which offer the dishes of Ukrainian, Georgian, Russian, Italian, Japanese and other world-famous cuisines. For instance, you can see an original restaurant on the roof of the building called ‘The Seventh Sky’ opposite ‘The Golden Lion’. In the ‘Yo-moyo’ restaurant you can enjoy the original interior and the most delicious dishes of Russian and Ukrainian cuisines simultaneously with the sailing on the river Kalmius. The cafe ‘The Corsair’ will be admired by the fans of marine romance for there is a real anchor at the entrance and guests are welcomed by a sailor wearing the uniform of the fleet under Peter the Great. The restaurant ‘The Tequila Boom’ offers spicy Mexican cuisine and tequila, of course. And if you are missing the Soviet Union or just curious to see what your grandfather admires so much, you are to visit the restaurant ‘Svinya’ (‘The Pig’). Restaurants ‘Millennium’, ‘Peter’, ‘Khinkali’, ‘Labyrinth’, ‘Gusi-Lebedi’ on Pushkin Boulevard make a real paradise for gourmets. You have quite a number of cafes to choose from let alone their prices and menus. ‘Three Tolstyaka’ and ‘Chelentano’ are reasonably priced.

The fountain is the centre of the square. It was created by a whole group of constructors, electronic engineers and programmers. They made a fountain complex which is considered by the leading experts in fountain equipment to be unique in Eastern Europe in terms of application of such modern equipment and advanced technologies. It is worth mentioning that the schemes of managing the fountain and the software have been designed by our engineers. The enterprises of our city participated in producing the major parts of the fountain. It is equipped with the newest hydraulic and lighting equipment and software. The three rings of the fountain form shapes and figures of the singing and dancing fountain. The fountain managing system comprises the central computer and 288 microprocessors, managing the performance of 78 ratio valves and the degree of illumination of 210 underwater projectors. The deliberately chosen repertoire includes wonderful works of Bach, Tchaikovsky, Straus and Beethoven. It also includes the melodies and songs of modern popular singers.

Going round the building of Donetsk Academic Drama Theatre we are heading to Pushkin Boulevard.

The monument to Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin in the form of a bust on a high pedestal of red marble was placed in 1969. It was made by the sculptor N. Ginsburg and the architect Y. Tomilo. In 1970 Donetsk was considered by UNESCO the greenest industrial city in the world. They used to plant lots of flowers in the public alleys, squares and boulevards of Donetsk to feast the eyes of its residents and the guests of the city from May till October. Roses were especially popular, 180 sorts of them were grown. They say that the total number of roses was carefully calculated so that each resident of the city could have a flower. Donetsk used to be called a city of a million of roses. There was a period when they reduced the number of flowers planted but today the city justifies its name, it is still comfortable, tidy and green. Pushkin Boulevard only proves this statement.

In the end of the boulevard there is a bronze figure of a man in a pilot’s overall on a granite pedestal. This is a monument to the stratonauts. This project of the sculptor Belostotsky and the architects Fridman, Pivovarov and Ivanchenko was put there in 1953. One of tragic episodes from the history of our aviation of 1930-s is connected with this place.

We are back to Artem Street. On the right you can see the building of Donetsk National Polytechnical University. Undoubtedly it is not easy for students of this university to walk from one building of it to another one through the centre of the city. Before we turn to Sadovy Avenue, please have a look at the unusual object to the right. It is a monument to the coal-mining combine.

On the left you can find one more architectural site. It is the building hosting Donetsk Regional Society of Child and Youth creativity. In the public garden behind it you can find the planetarium. This planetarium is the only one in Donbass. Moreover, it is one of 5 planetariums in Ukraine. Its building was constructed in 2008 and has no analogues.

On the left you can see the shopping and entertainment centre ‘Zolotoe Koltso’ (‘The Golden Ring’). It hosts numerous shops, fast-food outlets, the restaurant ‘Pod Kryshey’(‘Under the Roof’) and a cinema.

The Scherbakov Park is the final destination of our route. It was named after Alexander Sergeevich Scherbakov, the secretary of Donetsk regional party committee in 1936-1938. The decision to found a park was taken in 1931. The park is situated along the coastline of interconnected ponds. The second stage of the grand reconstruction of the Scherbakov central park of culture and rest has recently been finished. Quite dramatic changes can be found at the southern entrance to the park. It is the main entrance to the park. It was decorated with a metal gate. A large parking appeared on the left from it, the new original fountain was built behind the gate. Not far from it there is a rosarium which was recently planted with different sorts of flowers because of which Donetsk got the fame as the city of a million red roses. The festival «Donetsk Roses» and other flower exhibitions will take place here. By the way, now almost all city-wide cultural mass events will occur in the Scherbakov park, but not in the Lenin square as before.

Special attention of people in love is attracted by this fountain. Each Donetsk water construction attracts the city dwellers with its beauty, but most people like to have a walk in the Scherbakov park. The trick is that the fountain-prodigy was opened here. The water brainchild of Donetsk designers consists of two hundred lamps and about five hundred attachments for the distribution of squirts. All its six basins are made of marble and each of them has its own individual pattern of small fountains. In the evenings such a construction indulges the city dwellers with its «singing» and the illuminated squirts of water draw geometric figures in the air. After the reconstruction the park looks different. Another entrance to the Scherbakov park across the footbridge, is situated from the side of Universitetskaya street, and the northern one is situated from the side of the dam of the Second City Pond.

Donetsk has the largest botanical garden in Europe which belongs to the Ukraine’s National Academy of Sciences and was founded in 1964 as a centre of research of fundamental and applied problems of Biology in the south-east of Ukraine. The area of the garden includes 270 hectare (the first place according to the area in Europe). About five thousand five hundred sorts of plants grow on its premises. There is the area of 1200 square metres under the glass. It helped to organize five greenhouses and imitate the conditions of tropics and subtropics. But this is a topic of other discussion.

Our walk came to its end. Thanks for your attention.!

 

Технологическая карта  экскурсии «Донецк – начало всех маршрутов»

Тема экскурсии: «Донецк – начало всех маршрутов»

Вид экскурсии по содержанию обзорная

Вид экскурсии по способу  передвижения автобусная с элементами пешеходной

Маршрут экскурсии: Железнодорожный вокзал – Донбасс-Арена –парк кованых фигур- Театральная площадь – площадь Ленина- парк им А. Щербакова

Продолжительность 130 мин, в т.ч. пешеходных участков 65  мин.

Протяженность 11000 метров, в т.ч. пешеходных участков   2000 метров.

Экскурсия разработана ____________________

Дата разработки 24 апреля 2009 года

 

 

Маршрут	Остановка	Объект	Время, мин	Основные вопросы и подтемы	Методические указания	Организационные указания
1	2	3	4	5	6	7
Железнодорожный вокзал – Выставочный  центр «ЭкспоДонбасс»	Без остановки	1. Здание железнодорожного вокзала. 2. Протестантский храм. 3. Католический храм. 4. Памятник «Слава шахтерскому  труду». 5. ТРЦ Донецк –Сити. 6. Краеведческий музей.	20	1. История возникновения города  Донецка. 2. Донецк город ста национальностей. 3. Донецк – город шахтерской славы. 4. Донецкий областной краеведческий  музей – место, где можно  поближе познакомиться с Донецкой  областью.	1. Прием объяснения; 2. Прием описания; 3. Показ по ходу движения; 4.Экскурсионная справка	Знакомство с группой, инструктаж  по технике безопасности,
1	2	3	4	5	6	7
Выставочный центр «ЭкспоДонбасс» - ГК «Виктория»	Остановка с выходом у ВЦ «ЭкспоДонбасс»	1. Пальма Мерцалова. 2. Памятник И.Кобзону. 3. РСК «Олимпийский». 4. Донбасс-Арена. 5.Памятник Освободителям Донбасса. 6. Парк культуры и отдыха города Донецка.	20 переезд 5 мин	1. «Возможность доказана делом»  – девиз Донецкой области. 2. История донецкого футбола. 3. «Шахтер» - гвардейская команда. 4. Донбасс арена - пятизвездочный  стадион. 5. Гостиничный комплекс Виктория. 6. Мемориальный комплекс в честь освободителей Донбасса.	1. Экскурсиолнная справка. 2. Объяснение. 3. Описание. 4. Ссылка на очевидцев 5. Персонификация	Пешеходная экскурсия-прогулка; Посадка в автобус
ГК «Виктория» - памятник Джеймс Юзу	Остановка с выходом для осмотра Парка кованных фигур	1. Памятник Артему. 2. Копия Царь-пушки. 2. Колокол  г. Бохум; 3. Городской совет. 4. Розы; 5. Аллея арок; 6. Кольцо мастеров; 7. Аллея знаков зодиака;  8. Букет мастеров	25	1. Административное деление города  на 9 районов 2. Кольцо европейских городов  мастеров 3. Подарки городов побратимов	1. Описание 2. Объяснение	Пешеходная экскурсия-прогулка; Посадка в автобус
1	2	3	4	5	6	7
Памятник Джеймс Юзу – Театральная  площадь	Без остановки	1. Памятник Юзу. 2. Свято-Преображенский кафедральный собор 3. Памятник Т. Шевченко. 4. Библиотека им. Крупской	10	1. Джон Джеймс Юз – основатель  города. 2. Донецк – город студентов. 3. Духовная жизнь города. 4. Тарас Григорьевич Шевченко  – выдающийся Украинский поэт.	1. Показ по ходу движения; 2. Экскурсионная справка 3. Цитирование	Коррекция темпа изложения в  зависимости от дорожной ситуации
Театральная площадь – площадь  Ленина	Остановка на Театральной площади  без выхода из автобуса	1. Театр оперы и балеты им. Соловьяненко. 2. Кинотеатр им. Шевченко 3. Памятник А.Б. Соловьяненко 4. Памятник Ф. Гринкевичу 5. Скифский уголок.	10	1. Донецк – центр культурной  жизни города 2. А.Б. Соловьяненко – шахтерский  герцог 3. Архитектура центральной части  города 4. Донецк в годы Великой Отечественной Войны	1. Искусствоведческий анализ; 2. Экскурсионная справка	Возможно использование  технических  наглядных пособий
1	2	3	4	5	6	7
Площадь Ленина – парк Щербакова	Без остановки	1. Донбасс Палас. 2. Памятник Ленину. 3. Департамент угольной промышленности. 4. Драматический театр. 5. Фонтан. 6. Памятник Пушкину. 7. Памятник Стратовнатам. 8. Памятник угольному комбайну. 9. Дом детского и юношеского  творчества. 10. ТРЦ «Золотое кольцо».	20	1. Донбасс Паласс – пятизвездочная  гостиница. 2. Площадь Ленина – сердце города. 3. Обитель музы Мельпомены –  Донецкий музыкально-драматический  театр. 4. Донецк – самый зеленый  промышленный город Европы. 5. Новейший цифровой планетарий. 6. Развлечение в городе.	1. Показ по ходу движения. 2. Экскурсионная справка. 3. Цитирование.	Коррекция темпа изложения в  зависимости от дорожной ситуации
Парк им. А. Щербакова	Выход из автобуса у центрального входа в парк с улицы Стадионная	1.Фонтан. 2. Набережная первого городского  пруда.  3. Памятнику Доброму ангелу Мира. 4. Каскад фонтанов 5. Городок аттракционов	20	1.Центральный парк культуры  и отдыха им. А Щербакова –  любимое место отдыха дончан  и гостей города. 2. Донецк – город миллиона  роз	1. Описание. 2. Объяснение.	Работа с вопросами экскурсантов