Usage of lexical and grammatical transformations in translation

Translation is the interpretation of the meaning of a text in one language and the production, in another language, of an equivalent text that communicates the same message. Translation must take into account a number of constraints, including context, the rules of grammar of the two languages, their writing conventions, their idioms and the like. Consequently, as has been recognized at least since the time of the translator Martin Luther, one translates best into the language that one knows best.

INTRODUCTION………………………………………………………………….3
CHAPTER I. ADEQUACY OF TRANSLATION………………………….......... 5
1.1. The theoretical issues of translations…………………………………………..5
1.2. Development of translation notion in linguistics……………….. ………........6
1.3. Equivalence of translation. …………………………………………………… 8
1.4. Types of translation…………………………………………………………. 14
CHAPTER II. USAGE OF LEXICAL AND GRAMMATICAL TRANSFORMATIONS IN TRANSLATION………………………….………...20
2.1. The lexico -grammatical problems of transformation…………………………………………………………………… 20
2.2. The use of translation transformations in the process of translating English text clippings………………………………………………………………………………26 CONCLUSION…………………………………………………………………....32
THE LIST OF LITERATURE................................................................................