Люди. Довкілля

Організаційний момент

Прийом:

Бесіда

• Good morning, pupils!
• Good morning, teacher dear,

We are glad to be here!

• How are you today?

Sit down, please.

• Who is on duty today?
• Is anybody absent?
• Are you ready for the lesson?

Повідомлення  теми та мети уроку

Прийом:

Слово вчителя

Many people all over the world are worried about the ecology today. The word “ecology” came from the Greek language which means “the study of home”. The idea of “home” includes the whole planet of ours. But it’s in great danger nowadays because it has been suffering from many ecological problems.

 By the end of the lesson you should learn how to work with scientific and popular text, make its plan and summary. This skill will be very helpful for you in future when you have to work with scientific, technical articles and foreign literature.

Мовленнєва зарядка

Прийом: складання  схем

                                  →animals

                                 →plants

     ↓          ↓          ↓       

water     land      air

2. – What ecological problems do you know?

• air pollution;                 -  rubbish pollution;
• ozone holes;                  - destruction of wildlife;
• water pollution;            - the greenhouse effects.
• land pollution;              - nuclear pollution…

Вивчення нового матеріалу

Прийом 1: Бесіда 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Прийом 2

Робота з цитатами

(дискусія) 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Прийом 3

Словникова робота 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Прийом 4

Осмислення вживання дієслова у мовленні 
 
 

Прийом 5

Читання тексту 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Прийом 6

Переказ тексту

1.   Where does mostly air pollution come from? (from cars, buses, plants, factories)

2.   What can appear as the result of air pollution? (holes in the ozone layer)

3.   Why are holes in the ozone layer dangerous? (ultraviolet radiation from the sun can cause skin cancer)

4.   What makes the sea water dangerous? (testing of nuclear weapon? Dumping industrial and nuclear waste)

5.   Why is it dangerous to dump industrial waste in the sea? (this poisons and kills fish and sea animals)

6.   Why are nuclear power stations dangerous? (they can go wrong and cause nuclear pollution)

7.   Why have some species of animals become endangered? (the man kills animals and destroys their habitats).

T: All the progressive humanity is very concerned about the future of our planet. Because the ways of life in many parts of the world have changed.

What are these changes caused by?

( - changes in the weather and the climate;

-work of large factories and  plants;

- nuclear electric power stations;

- cars on the roads of the towns;

- fires in the forests;

- disappearing of different animals and birds)

Now let’s read the quotations and say if you agree with these words:

+  “ The nation that destroys its soil, destroys itself”;

+ “Look after your planet, it’s the only one we have”.

T: To be able to speak freely on the topic you should learn and remember the words.

I’ll convey the meaning of the new words and you will try to guess their meanings and find English equivalents from the cards:

 – The scientific study of the natural relations of plants, animals, people to each other and their surroundings. (Ecology).

– The act of making (air, water, land) dangerously impure. (Pollution).

- Everything around you (environment).

- The act of destroying, putting an end to the existence of something (Destruction).

Plants, animals, people. (Living things).

– The natural home of a plant or animal (Habitat).

-To keep something or somebody safe (to protect).

Doing ex.5, p. 36

T: The verb “to save” can be used in different meanings and you should be able to choose what it means from the context:

1. to take smb. or smth. away from danger

2. to keep smth. (money), to use later

3. to use less of smth.

Let’s read the sentences and explain the meaning of the verb “to save” in the context.

  Environmental Protection

 Our planet Earth is only a tiny part of the universe, but nowadays it's the only place where we can live.

 People always polluted their surroundings. But until now pollution was not such a serious problem. People lived in rural areas and did not produce such amount of polluting agents that would cause a dangerous situation in global scale.

 With the development of overcrowded industrial highly developed cities, which put huge amounts of pollutants into surrounds, the problem has become more and more dangerous. Today our planet is in serious danger. Acid rains, global warming, air and water pollution, and overpopulation are the problems that threaten human lives on the Earth.

 In order to understand how air pollution affects our body, we must understand exactly what this pollution is. The pollutants that harm our respiratory system are known as particulates. Particulates are the small solid particles that you can see through rays of sunlight. They are products of incomplete combustion in engines, for example: internal-combustion engines, road dust and wood smoke.

 Billions of tons of coal and oil are consumed around the world every year. When these fuels are burnt, they produce smoke and other by-products, which is emitted into the atmosphere. Although wind and rain occasionally wash away the smoke, given off by power plants and automobiles, but it is not enough.. These chemical compounds undergo a series of chemical reactions in the presence of sunlight; as a result we have smog, mixture of fog and smoke. While such pollutants as particulates we can see, other harmful ones are not visible. Among the most dangerous to bur health are carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, sulfur dioxide and ozone or active oxygen.

 If you have ever been in an enclosed parking garage or a tunnel and felt dizzy or lightheaded, then you have felt the effect of carbon monoxide (CO). This odourless, colourless, but poisonous gas is produced by the incomplete burning of fossil fuels, like gasoline or diesel fuel.

 Factories emit tons of harmful chemicals. These emissions have disastrous consequences for our planet. They are the main reason for the greenhouse effect and acid rains.

 Our forests are disappearing because they are cut down or burnt. If this trend continues, one day we won't have enough oxygen to breathe, we won't see a beautiful green forest at all.

 The seas are in danger. They are filled with poison: industrial and nuclear wastes, chemical fertilizers and pesticides. If nothing is done about it, one day nothing will be able to live in our seas.

 Every ten minutes one kind of animal, plant or insect dies out forever. If nothing is done about it, one million species that are alive today may soon become extinct.

 And even greater threats are nuclear power stations. We all know how tragic the consequences of the Chernobyl disaster are.

 Fortunately, it's not too late to solve these problems. We have the time, the money and even the technology to make our planet a better, cleaner and safer place. We can plant trees and create parks for endangered animals.

 We can recycle our wastes; persuade enterprises to stop polluting activities, because it is apparent that our careless use of fossil fuels and chemicals is destroying this planet. And it is now more than ever apparent that at the same time we are destroying our bodies and our future.

• What is this text about?
• Write the summary of it in 10 sentences. Let’s check. Who would like to read the first?

Виконання вправ

1. To fill the text in the cards with the words after the text (in the box).

Protect, home, keep, pointed out, environment.

2. I’ll read you a sentence. If it is realistic raise your red card on the table, and if it is unbelievable – a blue one.

• In future people will live longer, many diseases will disappear.

• People will cut down all the forests.
• There will be no fish in the rivers.
• We shall be able to control the weather.
• We shall not be able to breathe without a gas mask on.
• We shall exhaust all the resources.
• There won’t be any conflicts between people.
• We shall find new sources of energy.

Підсумки уроку

- Which problem is considered to be one of the most global? (ecological situation).

- What means “ecology”? (the study of home).

- Is it possible do you think to solve the ecological problems?

- What can personally you do to keep the environment clean?

Оцінювання учнів. Коментар д/з

Your hometask for the next time is to practice writing a summary of the article.

The lesson is over. Good-bye!