Вариант 2

Вариант 2

 

I. Переведите  письменно существительные (1–10). Выберите определения (a–j), соответствующие  существительным: 

1) government	a) state of being not dependent on or controlled by other persons or things
2) unemployment	b) physical or mental work
3) position	c) body of persons governing a state
4) labor	d) come to ruin, meet disaster
5) earn	e) investing money; sum of money that is invested
6) crisis	f) state of being unemployed
7) independence	g) reduction in size, amount, length, etc.
8) crash	h) to receive a particular amount of money for the work that you do
9) cut	i) person’s place or rank in relation to others; job, employment
10) investment	j) a difficult time when there is less trade, business activity in a country than usual

 

 

 Выполнение:

1) government - правительство	c) body of persons governing a state
2) unemployment - безработица	f) state of being unemployed
3) position - положение	i) person’s place or rank in relation to others; job, employment
4) labor - труд	b) physical or mental work
5) earn - зарабатывать	h) to receive a particular amount of money for the work that you do
6) crisis - кризис	j) a difficult time when there is less trade, business activity in a country than usual
7) independence - независимость	a) state of being not dependent on or controlled by other persons or things
8) crash - банкротство	d) come to ruin, meet disaster
9) cut - сокращать	g) reduction in size, amount, length, etc.
10) investment - вклад	e) investing money; sum of money that is invested

 

 

2. В следующих предложениях подчеркните определения, выраженные именем существительным, и переведите эти предложения на русский язык.

 

1)   Google said it never meant to collect people's private information, like e-mails and passwords.

2)  This week a research group reported a drop in sales. 

3) President Obama has signed legislation to reform the health care system in the United States.

 

Выполнение:

 

1)   Google said it never meant to collect people's private information, like e-mails and passwords.

Гугл  говорят, что никогда не имели намерения собирать личную информацию людей, такую как адреса электронной почты и пароли.

2)  This week a research group reported a drop in sales.

На этой неделе исследовательская группа сообщила о снижении продаж.

3) President Obama has signed legislation to reform the health care system in the United States.

Президент Обама подписал закон, реформирующий  систему здравоохранения в Соединенных  Штатах.

 

3. В следующих предложениях подчеркните глагол-сказуемое, определите его видовременную форму и залог. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

 

1) Next week, leaders of the world's largest economies will meet in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. 

2) Most new jobs in the United States are created by small businesses.

3) Small businesses were hit hard by the recession and problems in getting loans.

 

Выполнение:

 

1) Next week, leaders of the world's largest economies will meet in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.

will meet – Future Simple, Active Voice

На следующей  неделе лидеры крупнейших экономик мира встретятся в Питсбурге, штат Пенсильвания.

2) Most new jobs in the United States are created by small businesses.

are created – Present Simple, Passive Voice

Большинство новых рабочих мест в Соединенных  Штатах создаются за счет малого бизнеса.

3) Small businesses were hit hard by the recession and problems in getting loans.

were hit – Past Simple, Passive Voice

Рецессия  и проблемы с получением кредитов сильно ударили по малому бизнесу.

 

 

4. В следующих предложениях подчеркните модальный глагол или его эквивалент. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

 

1) 3-D TV and Google's new phone could help in recovering from a bad year. 

2) Two thousand nine may be remembered as the year the world avoided an economic depression.

3) Like netbooks, tablets cost less than traditional laptop computers that can also mean smaller profits for manufacturers and sellers.

 

Выполнение:

 

1. 3-D TV and Google's new phone could help in recovering from a bad year.

3-D телевидение и новый телефон Гугл могли помочь оправиться от плохого неудачного года.

2) Two thousand nine may be remembered as the year the world avoided an economic depression.

Две тысячи девятый может быть запомнен как  год, в который мир избежал экономической депрессии.

3) Like netbooks, tablets cost less than traditional laptop computers that can also mean smaller profits for manufacturers and sellers.

Как и  нетбуки, планшеты стоят меньше чем традиционные ноутбуки, что также может означать меньшие прибыли производителей и продавцов.

 

5. В следующих предложениях подчеркните Participle 1 и Participle 2  и укажите, является ли оно определением, обстоятельством или частью глагола-сказуемого. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

 

1) Medium and small banks also face a growing risk.

2) Congress included state aid in the two-year plan approved in February.

3) American housing sales have improved in recent months. 

 

Выполнение:

 

1. Medium and small banks also face a growing risk.

growing – Participle I, определение

Средние и небольшие банки также сталкиваются с растущим риском.

2. Congress included state aid in the two-year plan approved in February.

approved – Participle II, определение

Конгресс включил государственную помощь в двухлетний план, принятый в феврале.

3) American housing sales have improved in recent months.

improved – Participle II, часть глагола-сказуемого

Американские  продажи недвижимости выросли в  последние месяцы.

 

6.       Прочитайте и устно переведите на русский язык весь текст. Письменно переведите  абзацы 1, 2.

 

Half of US Jobs Now Held by Women

 

1. Women are on their way to holding more than half of all American jobs. The latest government report shows that their share of jobs nearly reached fifty percent in September. Not only have more and more women entered the labor market over the years, but the recession has been harder on men. In October the unemployment rate for men was almost eleven percent, compared to eight percent for women.
2. Industries that traditionally use lots of men have suffered deep cuts. For example, manufacturing and building lost more jobs last month. But health care and temporary employment services have had job growth. Both of those industries employ high percentages of women. Thirty years ago, women earned sixty-two cents for every dollar that men earned. Now, for those who usually work full time, women earn about eighty percent of what men earn. Women hold fifty-one percent of good-paying management and professional jobs.
3. Men still hold about nine out of every ten top positions at the four hundred largest companies in California. The results have remained largely unchanged in five years of studies have been interviewed fifteen women. They all value their independence and many enjoy having the power of control. But women also feel pressure, worry and guilt as women still take care of the children. Also, men who are not the main earners may feel threatened.
4. The job market continues to suffer the effects of last year's financial crash. Now, a judgment has been reached in the first case involving charges of criminal wrongdoing on Wall Street. Last week, the government lost its case against two managers at Bear Stearns, the first investment bank to fail last year. The Justice Department continues to investigate other companies.

 

(From the VOA Special English Economics Report, written by Mario Ritter, 2009, November)

 

Выполнение:

 

1. Women are on their way to holding more than half of all American jobs. The latest government report shows that their share of jobs nearly reached fifty percent in September. Not only have more and more women entered the labor market over the years, but the recession has been harder on men. In October the unemployment rate for men was almost eleven percent, compared to eight percent for women.

Женщины на пути к занятию более чем  половины всех американских рабочих  мест. Последний правительственный  отчет показывает, что их доля рабочих  мест почти достигла пятидесяти процентов  в сентябре. Помимо большого притока  женской рабочей силы в последние годы, наблюдается высокий отток мужчин на рынке труда. В октябре уровень мужской безработицы достиг почти одиннадцати процентов, по сравнению с восемью процентами для женщин.

2. Industries that traditionally use lots of men have suffered deep cuts. For example, manufacturing and building lost more jobs last month. But health care and temporary employment services have had job growth. Both of those industries employ high percentages of women. Thirty years ago, women earned sixty-two cents for every dollar that men earned. Now, for those who usually work full time, women earn about eighty percent of what men earn. Women hold fifty-one percent of good-paying management and professional jobs.

Отрасли промышленности, которые традиционно  использовали преимущественно мужскую  рабочую силу, пережили массовые сокращения. К примеру, производственные и строительные отрасли потеряли множество рабочих  мест в последний месяц. В то же время количество рабочих мест в здравоохранении и предоставлении услуг временной занятости выросло. В обеих отраслях задействован высокий процент женщин. Тридцать лет назад на каждый доллар, который зарабатывали мужчины, приходилось шестьдесят два цента, заработанных женщинами. Сегодня для тех, кто работает полный рабочий день, женщины зарабатывают приблизительно восемьдесят процентов того, что зарабатывают мужчины. За женщинами закреплены пятьдесят один процент высокооплачиваемых управленческих и профессиональных рабочих мест.

 

7. Определите, являются ли приведенные ниже утверждения (1, 2, 3)

а) истинными (true)

б) ложными (false)

в) в тексте нет информации (no information)

 

1) The unemployment rate for men and women was the same.

2) Health care and temporary employment services employ high percentages of women.

3) An economic research group reported this week that the recession in the United States ended in June of last year.

 

Выполнение:

 

1) false

2) true

3) no information in text

 

8. Прочитайте  3 абзац и ответьте письменно на следующий вопрос:

 

Where do men still hold about nine out of every ten top positions?

 

Выполнение:

 

Men still hold about nine out of every ten top positions at the four hundred largest companies in California.