Топики поанглийскому

1.My visiting card

Let me introduce myself. My name is Assel. I was born on 12 of December in 1993. I suppose that, in many ways, I have been lucky since the day I was born. I have some very pleasant memories of my childhood. Now I live in Astana city with my parents. I’m the elder child in the family. My mother’s name is Azhar. She works in company of “IT’, but now my mother is setting at home with my little sister. My father’s name is Timur. He has private company of the architecture “ID design”.

   I study at school. I’m in the 9^th grade. Our offers a general course of academic and non- academic subjects.

Besides it offers a number of courses giving profound knowledge in variety of fields: English, Math, Humanities, Natural studies etc.

        I can’t say I’m very hard –working , but I’ll try my best and hope to manage to pass my school-leaving exams and entrance exams at the University with good and excellent marks.

             I like my school very much. We have classes 6 days a week. I enjoy my studies very much.

I feel at home with my classmates. We often spend our free time together. My hobbies are: sports, such as tennis, dance. I’m very love music. I listen different styles of music. My sign of the zodiac is Saggitarius. I am a bright representative of this sign. As all saggitariuses I am very friendly, optimistic, proud, funny girl. Sometimes I laugh too much and have problems with discipline in school. I like animals and little children because all are very stupid.

2.Kazakhstan is my country.      

The Republic of Kazakhstan is my country. It is sovereign independent state situated in Eurasian continent. The Urals form a natural border between Europe and Asia. The official language is Kazakh. The Russian language is used an equal grounds. The territory of Kazakhstan is over 2,7 mln square km. Our country could easily accommodate Great Britain, France, Germany, Spain, Finland and Sweden.

The country is land of colorful contracts. It has beautiful plains and deserts, semi-deserts, steppes, the mountain with the eternal snows. The biggest mountains are called Tien Shan, the highest pick of the Tien Shan is Khan- Tengry, which is 6995 metres high.

There are more than 7000 rivers in Kazakhstan the Irtysh is the longest one among them. Kazakhstan has something like 4000 lakes. The Caspain is the biggest lake in the world. Because its size and salt water, it is called the Caspain sea.

Situated far from oceans and seas, Kz has continental climate. In the South summer is as hot as in Yava island or Shri-Lanka. In East and North Kz it is as cold as in the Arctic in winter.

Kazakhstan borders on China, Russia, Uzbekistan, Kirgistan and Turkmenistan. The population of Kz is 14,9 million people. The representatives of more than 100 nationalities live there. The population lives mostly in towns and cities.

Economic structure is based on natural resources. They include gold, silver, lead, copper, coal, gas, oil and many others. The Tengis oil – field is 1 of the largest in the world. Metallurgy, heavy machinery, chemicals, iron or production are the main branches of industry. North Kazakhstan is associated with cereals. It has ten million hectares of arable lands. Farming is the bases for the development of the food processing industry. The capital of the country is Astana. It is situated in the geographical centre of the Republic.

    3.Astana (My native city)

(I want to tell a little about my native city. I was born in Astana- and I am very happy.)

In March 1917 the Soviet Power was established in Akmola.

Many changes have taken place since then. Akmola played an important role in supplying the Soviet Army with raw materials and products during the Second World War. In 1961 Akmola was renamed into Tselinograd and became the centre of Tselinny Krai. In 1992 the city got its name Akmola again and since October 1997 Akmola has become a new capital of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Later on it got its present name Astana. Astana is a modern growing city, a political, financial, economic, scientific and socio-cultural centre of the state. There are a lot of magnificent beautiful buildings, higher educational establishments, colleges and secondary schools, hotels, banks and other commercial structures in Astana, the new capital of the Republic of Kazakhstan. There are many places of interest in Astana: the Central Square and the Trelinniks Avenue, the Palace of the Youth and the Bridge across the Ishim River, the Regional Museum of Fine Arts and others.

4. Australia

Australia is the only state that occupies the whole continent of 7632 million square kilometers. It also occupies a number of islands (the main of them is Tasmania). It is the sixth largest country in area . It is located to the south of Asia, between the Pacific and the Indian Oceans. Australia is the flattest continent after Antarctica. It is also the driest continent.

Australia has a wide climate range, from tropical in the north to temperate in the southeast. It is situated in the southern hemisphere. That is why it has summer when we have winter. January is the hottest month in Australia.

The population of Australia is about 18 million people. The official language is English. The best-known Australian animals are the kangaroo, the koala and the dingo. Canberra is the capital of Australia. It’s not the biggest city. Sydney and Melbourne are much bigger. The Australian natives represent about 1 per cent of the population, whereas people of hundreds of nationalities live there. 
 

5.Great Britain

In Britain, we still calculate distances in miles and we still drive on the left. Though just to be difficult, there is one road in London, near the Savoy Hotel, where you  have to drive on the right! Many of Britain’s roads follow ancient Roman roads. In London we still have red double- decker buses and black London cabs. Before they can work. London cab drivers still have to spend about 18 months learning all about the streets of London to get ‘the knowledge’.

However not everything about British transport is as it used to be fifty years ago. There are now more than 25 million cars on our roads so traffic jams are common on Britain’s motorways, like the infamous M25 around London.

If you want something a bit safer and less energetic, go on a narrow boat. British has a great network of canals, a lot of them going through spectacular countryside. Another relaxed option is to go on one of Britain’s many steam railways like the Severn Valley Railway or the Snowdon Railway which goes up the highest mountain in Wales. Just sit back and enjoy it.           

6.London

London is the capital of Great Britain. It is situated on the river Thames, which flows from east to west of the country. London is the largest city in Europe and one of the largest scientific, cultural and business centres in the world. More than eight million people live there. London is not only the capital of the country, it is also a very big port, a University city and the seat of the Government of Great Britain. The West End is the richest part of London. You can see there the best shops, restaurants, theatres, cinemas, museums, art galleries, department stores, supermarkets and many beautiful parks and squares. The West End is also famous for its sights. One of the most beautiful sights in the West End is Buckingham Palace, the Queen’s residence. Buckingham Palace attracts many foreign guests because of its colorful ceremony – the Changing of Guard. This ceremony begins at 11.30 in the morning and takes thirty or forty minutes. The other sights in the West End, which all Londoners are proud of are Westminster Abbey is one of the most beautiful of all English buildings. There are many monuments, tombstones and statues there. All the English kings and queens – forty one in all – are buried there. Here is the Poet’s Corner where many of British poets and writers are buried, too. The building of the Houses of parliament is not old. It has two towers: the Victoria Tower and the Clock Tower,. Famous for the clock named “Big Ben”. There are many beautiful green parks in the West End. Hyde park is the favorite parades and different meetings. In the Speaker’s Corner you can listen to people who discuss different political, national, scientific and cultural problems. Those who are not fond of such lectures can sit with their families on the benches under the trees, listen to music or swim in the lake.

The West End is not only the fashionable region of the capital, it is also a big scientific center. The University of London and some research institutes are situated there. The East End is not so beautiful and rich as the West End, but it’s very important to the city. The  Part of London and big industrial regions with ship – building plants are situated there.   

7. Travelling 

7.Traveling

For some people there is nothing so exciting as traveling, and I'm not an exception. My first travel was when I was 14 years old.I went to England.I traveled by plane. I saw many place there. I with my group went to different cities of England. For example London, Plymoth, Liverpool.it’s a very beautiful cities. We lived in Torqay. There are very narrow streets. Every day was shopping, we went to school. I bought a little bit of clothes for me, but for my little sister I bought many clothes and toes. On Friday we went to a club. I lived in a family. The family was wonderful and very kind. There I liked their food. Also we went to the Atlantic Ocean, we walked along the ocean all day. The worst thing that the weather every day,night,morning it was raining.It’s terrible. I remembered more beautiful places of the UK, especially Union streets, green parks. I hope we go to England again.

8. Reading books

Literature is the greatest human property. It is generally known that Russian literature is one of the most voluminous in the world. A. Pushkin, I. Turgenev, I. Goncharov, L. Tolstoy, F. Dostoevsky, A. Chekhov are the leaders of the world classical literature. They set a pattern for language, subject matter, and narrative techniques of Russian and world literature. Their works attract readers even today, because everybody can find something special there.

I like British literature. My favourite writer is Oscar Wilde. His reputation as a dramatist rests on his comic masterpiece "The Importance of Being Earnest". Within the social intrigues and artificial devices to resolve conflict, Wilde used his wit to create a form of comedy new to the English theatre. Oscar Wilde was the representative of the late 19-th century Aesthetic movement in England. It proclaimed art for art's sake. Wilde was born in Ireland; he went to Trinity College in Dublin, and later continued his education at Oxford. During the years of study Wilde distinguished himself not only as a classical scholar, but also as a poet by winning the popular prize for his poem. In the early 1880s Wilde established himself in social and artistic circles. His most powerful novel is "The Picture of Dorian Gray." In this novel Wilde shows the darkest corners of a man's soul. The author's message can be interpreted in the following way: a person who loves only himself will never be able to realise himself.

-

9.Mass media 
- The role of mass media in the life of the present society is difficult to overestimate. They have become a daily and essential necessity with contemporary men. Mass media report about various aspects of life, form and affect public opinion. 
- Mass media comprise press, radio, TV and the Internet. In this or that form mass media come into every home. To understand the meaning of mass media for the people it is necessary to consider their every aspect separately. 
- The Internet was created in 1983. Since that time it has grown beyond its largely academic origin into an increasingly commercial and popular medium. The Internet connects many computer net works. It is based on a common addressing system and communications protocol called TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol). By the mid-1990s the Internet connected millions of computers throughout the world. Many commercial computer network and data services also provided at least indirect connection to the Internet. The World Wide Web, which enables simple and intuitive navigation of Internet sites through a graphical interface, expanded during the 1990s to become the most important component of the Internet. 
- Newspaper are usually issued daily, weekly, or at other regular times. They provide news, views, features, and other information of public interest and often carry advertising 
- When did the first newspapers appear in England? 
- Newspapers appeared in many European countries in the 17th century. The first English printed news book averaging twenty-two pages was the "Weekly News". It appeared in Lon don in 1621. By the 1640s the news book had taken the form of a newspaper. The first periodical was the "London Gazelle", a bi weekly court paper. It started as the "Oxford Gazette" in 1665 when the King and the court moved to Oxford because of London plague. 
- 10.16. My school (An ideal school)

(It is very difficult to imagine an ideal school. I questioned my schoolmates and asked them to tell about the school of their dream. Their stories made a strong impression on me. For me an ideal school is my school.) I’m study at the school of number 60 lyceum. My school is new, modern and  it is very conformable and all the pupils like it very much, it is really home for everyone, who studies there. It has four floors. The classrooms are light and high. There are classrooms for practically all the subjects - English, History, Physics, Mathematics, Chemistry, Geography, Literature, etc. There is a computer class in our school, -where pupils study computing, one of the most important subjects nowadays. There is a school hall in our school, too. Meetings, conferences, concerts and all the celebrations take place there. Our school has a gymnasium and a sportsground. Many pupils are fond of sport and they have a good opportunity to go in for different sports there. I am very thankful to my school. When I was only seven years old, I entered it to get some knowledge and I know many things now thanks to my school and my teachers. The teachers in my school are very kind and clever, they give all their knowledge and all their love to the pupils. I'll never forget my school, my favourite teachers and my classmates. It is my childhood and it is the happiest period in one's life, to my mind. My first friends, my first love and my first achievements and disappointments are all connected with my school life.  

11.Canada-a land of Adventure

Canada is the second largest country of the world. Its total area is 9.971 million square kilometers. The capital of Canada is Ottawa. Canada has four very distinct seasons, especially in the regions lying along the USA border.

Canada has a democratic parliament. It is situated in Ottawa and consists of the House of Commons, whose members are elected and the Senate, whose members are appointed. Nowadays the population of Canada is about 29 million people. The main cities of Canada are Montreal, Edmonton, Toronto and Vancouver. The official languages are English and French.

Canada has one of the highest living standards in the world. It has an extensive social protection network, including old age pension and unemployment insurance.

During the Second World War engines for destroyers and large, medium and light bombers were made in military plants in Calgary, and Canadian soldiers fought in Europe in the structure of allies army.

12. ways of exploring the world

There are many ways of exploring the world. Previously the choice of the means of exploring the world was rather limited. It was confined to books and meeting other people. Transport was poorly developed to allow people to travel throughout the world without difficulties. With the appearance of newspapers in the 17-th century people had a chance to learn about current events more quickly. The technical progress of the 20-th centuries has made our planet a small world. Any distance is covered in a twinkle of an eye. Today besides books and travelling the world can be explored with the help of mass media and the Internet.

Books are considered to be a traditional way of learning about the world around us. This is quite natural because books give information about various subjects. From the point of view of the 21-st century it is possible to say that this source of knowledge is proved by time. Books introduce us to the experience of the present, past, and future. In every day life we are limited by Time. We cannot enter the distant future or return to the past. Every moment we live only in the present. Books make an easily accessible time machine. They give everybody a wonderful opportunity to travel into the past and future. With the help of books we can almost eyewitness the major historical events, the way people lived in distant epochs. Ancient and medieval writers show us the world of the past centuries as it was. For example, by reading books about the expeditions to the North and South Poles we live the lives of the people who participated in them. From books we derive all possible knowledge of arts and sciences. Textbooks and manuals are written to give knowledge and information about different special things. It is held that nothing can be more important but the book acquired in time. All the revolutions are conceived first in mind and then put into practice. From the books we understand that the idea of an ideal society has interested people since antiquity. The stories about an ideal society were written by Plato, Thomas Moor, Adam Smith; modern scholars developed them. In the last two centuries attempts were made to put the dream into reality through a number of successive revolutions. I think that books play a very important part in our education. Every specialist first derives information from books. I am fond of travelling because it is the best way to learn the world. It gives me a chance to see new places and meet new people. Reminiscences about my travelling experience will stay with me forever and a day. I guess that the most impressive was the trip to Greece a year ago. I spent there a fascinating fortnight. I visited Athens, Delphi, and Corinth. The trip was especially important to me because we were through with the history of Ancient Greece and it gave a rare opportunity to see the place where Ancient Greek history happened. I saw the region where ancient heroes lived, fought and died. I visited the temples of incomparable beauty, especially the Parthenon. And may be there in Greece I made up my mind to be a historian.

- What are other ways of getting information?

- Films can be regarded as one more source of information, especially educational and documentary. It is better to watch such films at home with the help of television or video.

- Does television help pupils in their education?

- Yes, it does. There are educational programmes, which help pupils to study history, geography, biology, and learn foreign languages.

- Which way of getting information is the best for you?

- I cannot say which way of getting information is the best. It depends upon various factors. Sometimes it is necessary to travel to get more information. I think that books continue to be the best and the most traditional way of getting information. We cannot deny that to get information through the Internet is very convenient. As for me, I think that all the above mentioned manners are useful and important. It is impossible for me to chose one way at the expense of others.

- Do you often go to the museums?

- No, I do not. Unfortunately I do not have much free time. But I like to go to the museums, especially to the art galleries. Visiting museums is another possible way of exploring the world. There are a lot of museums in Moscow. I like to go to the State Tretyakov Gallery. There I can walk for hours to enjoy my favourite paintings by Bryullov, Vrubel, Petrov-Vodkin, and other great artists. 

13. Bob Dylan

Bob Dylan was born in 1941. He started singing in New York clubs in the early 1960s and made his first album in 1962. In the USA at that time, many poor people and minorities like black people had no civil rights. Dylan’s early protest songs, such as Blowing in the Wind and The Times they Are A-Changin’, became associated with the civil rights movement for social change. During the mid- 1960s, he was influenced by rock music. He began playing electric guitar and his concerts were extremely loud. Also, his lyrics became more complex in songs such as Like a Rolling Stone and Visions of Johanna. Bob Dylan has made over forty albums and his songs have covered a wide variety of musical styles.

14. WALES

The story of the people is one of determined resistance to invaders-the Romans, the Saxons, the Vikings, the Normans and finally the English. After the fall of the Roman Empire in 410 Ad, barbarian Angles and Saxons invaded Britain. Legendary kings and princes, like King Arthur, won important victories against the Saxons but gradually these original ‘Britons’ were pushed west into the hills and mountains of Wales. Welsh princes fought hard against the English but Wales was finally conquered. In 1301 Edward I gave his son the title of Prince of Wales and in 1536 Wales was united with England.

Despite the conquest, this small nation of three million people has maintained its unique culture and strong national identity, particularly through its language. Welsh, a Celtic language very different from English, is one of the oldest languages in Europe. However, in the nineteenth century and first half of the twentieth century, the Welsh language declined. The British government made English the official language and English was the only language allowed in schools. The number of Welsh speakers went down from 80% to under 20% of the population. Welsh, along with English, is an official language and is spoken by half a million people. It is taught in schools, it is spoken in the Welsh Assembly, Wales’ own regional ‘parliament’ and there is a Welsh TV channel.

A tradition of storytelling, poetry and singing began in the castles of the Welsh princes in the Middle Ages and continues today. As well as literature in the Welsh language, Wales has produced poets in English such as Dylan Thomas and R.S. Thomas. Nowadays, when the national rugby team plays in the capital, Cardiff, 80,000 voices can be heard singing the Welsh hymn, ‘Bread of Heaven’. The flag of Wales, with its red dragon, is one of the oldest in the world. It was brought to Britain by the Romans.  

15.Personality

The word personality means character or celebrity. How can we define a personality? We can learn about the character of a person by different ways” by studying the face of the person, his o her palms, actions and manners, by behavior in short.