Kitchen

     Traditional «spotty bread» the Wales is traditionally considered as agrarian region and its traditional cuisine to it corresponds. At cooking traditional foodstuff is used. The batch represents the richest part of culinary culture of the Wales, various fruitcakes, «spotty bread» (a bar it is smooth faced) which can be stored for a long time are known. Recently many cooks prepare traditional Welsh dishes in a new kind. The leek, especially in the dishes prepared by Day of Sacred David is widely used. Also more and more traditional for Welsh kitchen there are dishes from mutton and fish.

     In the beginning of March Welshmen will organize celebratory actions for all country: here pass festivals, concerts, parades and street celebrations (the largest parade passes in Cardiff, capital of the Wales). Many, especially schoolboys, dress up in traditional Welsh suits, or attach to clothes symbols of the Wales — a leek and a narcissus. If the leek through many centuries associates with the Wales (here from it various foods, and poets even since ancient times prepared devoted it verses) the narcissus became an emblem of the Wales rather recently, in a XIX-th century. For the solemn supper devoted to day of sacred David, prepare traditional Welsh dishes — such, as a ragout from ягнятины and a leek (Cawl Cennin), pies with a hen and a leek or the well-known Welsh flat cakes. In spite of the fact that sacred David conducted rather ascetic way of life and urged to abstain from alcohol, in the Wales at once some breweries make a special ale in its honor. This year prince Charles whom as we remember, the prince Welsh »is the title holder«, has visited on March, 1st a Welsh county Carmarthenshire. By the way, Charles — the twenty first prince Welsh, and the very first became the elder son and the successor of king Edward I who have won the Wales and aspiring to strengthen there the influence. Under the legend, Edward I has applied cunning to achieve domination of an English crown in the Wales. When it, having reached impressive military successes in this edge, has collected Welsh princes and has suggested them to recognize vassal dependence on England, those as the main condition have demanded, that the local native who does not know words in English was the prince of the Wales. Edward has there and then allowed a solemn oath to meet this condition. Princes have signed the contract on vassal dependence then Edward has taken out it the son (the future king Edward II), born the day before in the Welsh lock Caernarvon, and has exclaimed: « Here to you the prince Welsh, the native of your country and he doesn't know a word in English! »The legend is known since XVI century. Actually at the time of Edward I aristocracy in England was Normans and spoke Old French language; but Edward II really was born in Caernarvon during campaign of his father in the Wales. It has occurred in 1302, and since then there is a tradition to confer a title on the successor of the British throne of the prince Welsh. Day of sacred David is marked as a patriotic and cultural holiday all over the world. It celebrate not only Welshmen, but also inhabitants of other countries, which ancestors lived in the Wales. With especial scope day of sacred David passes in the USA as many inhabitants of this country have a Welsh origin. In 2003 this day has been officially declared by day of national celebrations of Welsh community of America.

Religion

     The largest religious tradition of the Wales is the Christianity, in 2001 72 % of Welshmen named itself Christians. The Presbyterian church of the Wales for many years was the largest religious organisation, in 1811 it has separated from Church of England. The church in the Wales is today the largest on number of parishioners, it is included into Anglican Community. The second place by quantity of parishioners is occupied with Catholic church about 3 % of parishioners, 18 % of inhabitants of the Wales do not rank themselves as one religious tradition.

The Roman Catholicism

     Welshmen have refused to cooperate with mission of Avgustina Cantuarian on English-saxophones. Nevertheless, as a result of reconciliation of the Celtic Christianity with the Roman and English gain of the Wales, from the middle Ages till 1920 Welsh was a part of a province of Canterbury which was in dialogue with the Roman throne to Reformatsii.

Anglican Church

     Being a part of a province of Canterbury the Wales became a part of Church of England. Since Henry the Anglican church became VIII state church of the Wales. Though some church writing has been translated on Welsh in the Middle Ages, the first transfer of the New testament has been made by William Sejlsberi in 1567, the full Bible translation has been made by William Morgan in 1588. The Bible translation on the Welsh was very important for preservation of language which has been almost forbidden by Certificates of the Union 1535–1542. Now Welsh has been officially recognized as divine service language, it has affected and on saving language in an everyday life, despite strong influence of English language.

Methodist revival and nonconformism

     The Welsh Methodist revival of a XVIII-th century was one of the most considerable religious and social movements in the history of the Wales. The Renaissance has begun with Church of England in the Wales; however difference Welsh Methodism from English that it was Calvinist, instead of аArmenians. Welsh methodologists have gradually created own networks, constructions and even houses of meetings (or chapels) that finally has led to branch from Church of England 1811 and official creation of Calvinist Methodist Presbyterian church of

the Wales in 1823. Methodist revival in the Wales also has influenced old nonconformist churches, such as Baptists and independents in whom growth and updating also was observed. As a result, to the nineteenth century middle, the Wales becomes mainly nonconformist country.

Branch of Church of the Wales

     The Welsh church certificate of 1914 provided branch of four dioceses located in the Wales from Church of England (of which the Church of the Wales was formed) and branch of church from the state. The certificate has come into force in 1920, since then in the Wales there is no state religion. 

Islam

     The largest non-Christian religion of the Wales is Islam with 22000 believing in 2001. In territory of the Wales is about 40 mosques. The Yemen seamen who have arrived to port of Swansea after 1900 were the first Muslim community constantly living in the Wales. The first mosque in Great Britain has been constructed in Cardiff in 1860. The most part of Moslems of the Wales lives in Cardiff (11261, 3,7 % from the population), but also it is a lot of them both in Newport (3491) and in Swansea (2167).

Judaism

        The Judaism has long enough history in the Wales; the first Jewish community has been registered in Swansea about 1730. In August, 1911 during public disorders the Jewish shops in the Southern Wales have been crushed. From now on the Jewish population of this area which has reached peak in 4000 - 5000 in 1913 has decreased, only in Cardiff the considerable Jewish community, nearby 2000 in 2001 has remained.

Other religions

     At Hinduism and the Buddhism on 5000 followers in the Wales, Keredigion is the center of the Welsh Buddhism. The church and restaurant Govindy under the authority of a community to Jara Krishny in Swansea are the center for many индуистов the Wales. About 2000 followers Sikhism lives in the Wales, the first specially constructed grower is in Cardiff, it has been opened in 1989. In population census of 2001 nearby 7000 persons named themselves followers друидизма, pre-Christian religion of the Wales.

Sports

     National sports of the Wales consider Rugby football, in particular Rugby football-15. Large competitions on Rugby football pass at stadium the Millennium in Cardiff. On the average and Northern Wales of Rugby football not so it is popular, as in the south, here большей football uses popularity. Also it come from the Wales many professional sportsmen on boxing and equestrian sport. Despite popularity of football in the Wales, only one Welsh soccer team Cardiff of City has managed to win the Cup of England in 1927, in 2008 it became the finalist in struggle for this cup.

Traditional sports

     The traditional Welsh sport considers valve. This entertainment has arisen in the middle Ages and vaguely reminds some modern kinds of football. Besides valve it is possible to consider as one of predecessors of Rugby football.

Rugby football

     Rugby football is popular in the Wales as well as in New Zealand. In the Encyclopedia of the Wales this sport is described so: «Many consider as its symbol of the Welsh person and expression of national consciousness» 
The professional era has made the big and disputable changes to traditional club structure of the Wales. At the moment Welsh clubs enter in Magners League together with clubs of Scotland and Ireland. In 2010 two commands have joined league from Italy. Besides Welshmen are presented by the commands in Kubke Hajnekena, the European cup of the Call and the English-Welsh cup.

     The national team of the Wales is the participant of the Cup of six nations and the World championship on Rugby football.

Football

     Over football in the Wales the Football association of the Wales supervises. The association is one oldest in the world of the football organizations — the third after football associations of England and Scotland. Besides the Welsh football association is one of four national football associations who is included into the International council of football associations (the fifth member of association is FIFA) which establishes game rules in football. National teams and amateur football enter into sphere of responsibility of association. Since 1992 of year in the Wales the Prime Minister League is created Welsh. However, for the historical reasons six Welsh clubs (Cardiff of City, Swansea of City, Reksem, Newport Kaunti, Mertir Tidfil and Kolvin Bej) play various battalions of Football league of England. The basic national football tournament of the country is the Cup of the Wales. 

Cricket

     In cricket England and the Wales in the international competitions act as a joint command which is under control of  crickets of council of England and the Wales. There is as independent crickets the command of the Wales acting in some Intrabritish competitions. In particular the national team of the Wales acts in competitions of minor leagues of England and the Wales.

Boxing

     The Wales has old traditions in boxing. Especially the Southern Wales which has given to the world of such boxers as Tommi Farr (English en:Tommy Farr), with Freddi Velsh (English en:Freddie Welsh), Jim Driskol (English en:Jim Driscoll), Day Dauer (English en:Dai Dower) and Johnny Owen (English en:Johnny Owen) is in this respect allocated. Joe Kalzage which mother валлийка, and the father the Italian who has grown in Njubridzhe, has left sports in 2009 the unbeaten. Besides Welsh boxing such ex-world champions as represent Entso Makkarinelli (English en:Enzo Maccarinelli), Gay wines of Copes (English en:Gavin Rees), Hovard Winston (English en:Howard Winstone), to Jimmy Uajld (English en:Jimmy Wilde), Steve Robinson (English en:Steve Robinson) and Robbie Rigan (English en:Robbie Regan).

Track and field athletics

     The Wales is the native land of athletes of world level. For example in Cardiff the well-known runner on 110 meters with barriers Kolin Jackson who is the ex-world record-holder, the winner of the world, European championships and the Olympic games was born. Marathoner Steve Johns (English Steve Jones) has established in 1984 a world record in the Chicago marathon in due course 2:08:05 AM. As he won a bronze medal on Commonwealth Games in run on 10000 meters in 1986.

Car and motorcycle sport

     The cross-country terrain of the Wales very much approaches for carrying out раллийных races. The final stage of the World championship on rally is spent now in the Wales. Welsh раллисты became world champions on rally as the second pilots (English Co-driver) twice: (English en:Nicky Grist) Fil Millz (English en:Phil Mills) — Peteru Solbergu in 2003 has helped to win Nicknames of Grist to Kolin MakReju 1996, and. Two Welsh racers participated in races of Formuly-1. Alan Riz was the first (English en:Alan Rees), finishing the ninth in 1967 in Grand prix of Great Britain having lagged behind the winner on 4 circles. The volume the Price was more successful. He participated in four championships and finished races on a podium, and once, on Grand prix of Great Britain of 1975, starts about a poll-position twice. The price was lost on Grand prix of Southern Africa of 1977. It has brought down the marshal who was running across a line with the fire extinguisher who has got to the racer to a head.

     Freddi Williams (English en:Freddie Williams (speedway rider)) was the world champion on a speedway in 1950 both 1953. Newport and Carmarthen have the speedway commands in British speedway leagues. 

Other sports

     The Wales has given to the world of several snookers world level, such as Rej Riardon, Terri Griffits, Mark Williams and Mettju Stevens. It is very popular in the country amateur snooker. The hockey club Cardiff Devilz acts in the British elite hockey league — the hockey league of Britain first on the importance. 
Taany Heat-tompson (English en:Tanni Grey-Thompson) is elevens multiple the champion of  Olympic games in run on short (100, 200, 400 meters) and averages (800 meters) distances. In Cardiff and Newport traditional meetings on the British baseball between commands of England and the Wales are held. Since 2006 in the Wales professional round on a golf — the Dragon-round (English en:Dragon Tour) is spent. In 2010 in Celtic Manor Resort (the Welsh hotel which is simultaneously the golf center) for the first time will take place Ryder's Cup — a traditional meeting of national teams of Europe and the USA. The Wales has the command on the Australian football. 
 
 

      

The list of references

1. http://www.saga.ua

2. http://www.poedem.ru

3. http://www.2uk.ru

4. http://www.webturizm.ru

5. http://www.vokrugsveta.ru

6. http://ru.wikipedia.org

7. http://dic.academic.ru