Контрольная работа по "Английскому языку"

САНКТ-ПЕТЕРБУРГСКИЙ  УНИВЕРСИТЕТ

УПРАВЛЕНИЯ  И ЭКОНОМИКИ

 

ФАКУЛЬТЕТ СОЦИАЛЬНОГО УПРАВЛЕНИЯ

 

Кафедра Документоведения и ДОУ

 

Контрольная работу по предмету:

Английский  язык

 

 

 

Выполнила студентка 4 курса

Шаманова  Л.В.

 

 

 

 

Санкт-Петербург

2012

TRANSLATE   THE   TEXT

 

We  can  do  more   business

 

Russian – British trade and economic links have a long-established history. Britain was one of the first Western nations to sign a trade agreement with the young Soviet republic in 1921, three years before the establishment of diplomatic relations between the two countries.

In subsequent years, our trade and economic links developed fairly unevenly.

Today, the annual turnover of Russian-British trade averages 1.8 billion rubles. Britain ranks sixth in Russia’s trade with advanced countries, after Germany, Finland, Japan, Italy and France.

Russia traditionally exports to Britain ferrous and non-ferrous metals, oil and petroleum products, chemicals, fertilizers, timber and furs. In 1986, we stepped up sales on the British market of various engineering goods, including Lada cars, machine-tools, press-forging plant, bearings, TV-sets, watches and clockworks.

Russian imports include machines and equipment, mineral raw materials and semi-finished products as well as various finished goods.

Recently, both sides have undertaken important steps to strengthen the contractual legal basis and to create optimal conditions for more fruitful trade.

The Program provides for co-operation in the construction on Russian territory of industrial works on the compensation basis, in the construction, expansion and modernization of industrial projects in Britain and Russia, for the development of industrial co-operation between Russian organizations and enterprises and British companies, and for the further expansion of mutual exchanges in goods and services.

 

 

 

 

Мы можем сделать больше бизнеса

Российско-британские торговые и экономические связи имеют  давно сложившуюся историю. Великобритания была одним из первых западных государств, подписавших торговое соглашение с  молодой Советской республикой  в 1921, за три года до установления дипломатических  отношений между этими двумя  странами.

В последующие годы наши торговые и экономические связи  развивались довольно неравномерно.

На сегодняшний день ежегодный  товарооборот российско-британской торговли составляет в среднем 1,8 млрд рублей. Великобритания стоит на шестом месте  среди развитых стран, с которыми Россия ведет торговлю, после Германии, Финляндии, Японии, Италии и Франции.

Традиционно Россия экспортирует в Великобританию черные и цветные  металлы, нефтепродукты, химические препараты, удобрения, лес и меха. В 1986 году мы начали на британском рынке продажу  различной техники, включая автомобили Лада, станки, кузнечно-штамповочные товары, подшипники, телевизоры, часы и часовые  механизмы.

Российский импорт включает машины и оборудование, минеральное  сырье, полуфабрикаты а также различные готовые товары.

Недавно обе стороны предприняли  важные шаги для укрепления договорной юридической базы и создания оптимальных  условий для более плодотворной торговли.

Программа обеспечивает сотрудничество при сооружении на территории России промышленных предприятий на компенсационной  основе, при сооружении, расширении и модернизации индустриальных проектов в Великобритании и России, обеспечивает развитие промышленного сотрудничества между российскими организациями  и предприятиями и британскими  компаниями, и дальнейшее расширение взаимного обмена товарами и услугами.

 

Translate   the   text.

 

WHAT   IS   MARKETING?

 

Marketing is the creative process of satisfying customer needs profitably. What is “the marketing mix”? It consists of “the four P’s”: providing the customer with the right Product at the right Price, presented in the most attractive way (Promotion) and available in the easiest way (Place).

What is “a product”? A product is not just a set of components: it is something customers buy to satisfy a need they have. The image and the design of the product are as important as its specification.

What is “price”? The product must be priced so that it competes effectively with rival products in the same market.

What is “promotion”? The product is presented to customers through advertising (TV commercials, sales literature, posters, etc.), packaging (design, labels, etc.), publicity, telephone and personal selling.

What is “telephone selling”? Your staff can call customers, or customers can call the agents to ask for information and sales literature.

What is “personal selling”? Your representatives visit customers: this is the most effective method of promotion, but also the most expensive.

Why are firms becoming more customer-orientated and less production-orientated? Because new products must be created to meet the changing range of customers’ needs – a firm can’t rely on the success of its today’s distribution of products. Customers and their needs must come first!

 

 

 

 

Что такое маркетинг? 
 
Маркетинг – это процесс удовлетворения потребностей покупателей с выгодой для себя. Что такое «маркетинговая смесь»? Она состоит из «четырехП»: обеспечение покупателей нужными Продуктами по нужной цене (Плата), представленными в наиболее привлекательном виде (Продвижение) и доступными наиболее простым способом (Поставки). 

 

Что такое «цена»? Товар должен быть оценен таким образом, чтобы  он эффективно конкурировал с похожими товарами на одном рынке.

Что такое «продвижение»? Товар  представляется покупателям по средством рекламы (рекламные ролики по телевидению, каталоги, плакаты и т.д.), упаковка (дизайн, этикетки и т.д.), гласность, продажи по телефону и личные продажи.

Что такое «продажа по телефону»? Ваши служащие могут позвонить покупателям, или покупатели могут позвонить  агентам, чтобы запросить информацию или рекламные каталоги.

Что такое «личные продажи»? Ваши представители приходят к покупателям: это наиболее эффективный способ продвижения, но при этом и самый  дорогой.

Почему фирмы становятся более  ориентированными на покупателей, а  не на товар? Потому что новые товары должны создаваться для того, чтобы  соответствовать меняющимся требованиям  клиентов, фирма не может полагаться на сегодняшний успех сбыта товаров. Покупатели и их потребности должны стоять на первом месте!

 

 

 

1. Rewrite each of these sentences in reported speech. Start with the words given.

     Example: ‘Why do you like oranges?’

She asked me why I liked oranges.

1.’Don’t play here.’ 

        She told me not to play there.

     2. ‘I’m leaving now.’

         She said she was leaving then.

     3. ‘Is this book yours?’

          She inquired if that book was yours.

     4. ‘What time is it?’

         She wanted to know what the time was.

     5. ‘Be quiet and sit down.’

       The teacher ordered to be quiet and to sit down.

     6. ‘Do you smoke?’

          She asked it`s smoke

     7. ‘People smoke too many cigarettes.’

          My mum says that people smoke too many cigarettes.

     8. ‘Have you finished your homework yet?’

      My mum wanted to know it`s had finished my homework

     9. ‘Will you go to the meeting if he does?’

            He required it I go to the meeting if he does.

    10. ‘I’m sorry, I can’t do this problem.’

           He said he was sorry and

 

 

 

 

 

2. Rewrite these statements in reported speech.

     Example:  ‘I’m sorry but I can’t come to the party,’ John said.

John said (that) he was sorry but he couldn’t come to the

party.                   

1. He often said, ‘I never smoke.’

He often said he had never smoked.

2. ‘I’ve lost my English book,’ John told his teacher.

John told his teacher he had never lost his English book.

3. ‘We’re going to Paris next week,’ they said.

They say were going to Paris the week after

4. She said, ‘I went to London yesterday.’

She said she had been to London the day before

5. ‘I will give him my book,’ he said.

He said he would give me his book

6. ‘We’ve been waiting for a long time,’ the woman said.

The woman said she had been waiting for a long time

7. ‘I’m telephoning from the US,’ Peter said.

Peter said he was telephoning from the US

8. Helen told me, ‘I don’t like oranges.’

Helen told me she didn`t like oranges

9. ‘I’ve never seen anything like this before,’ the professor said.

The professor said he had never seen anything like that before

10. The teacher told us, ‘Water boils at 100 degrees centigrade.’

The teacher told us water boils at 100 degrees centigrade

 

 

 

 

 

3. Put the verbs into the correct form, the Past Indefinite or Past Continuous.

1. I (to write) a letter when you (to come) in.

I was writing a letter when you came in

2. He (to have) breakfast when you (to ring) up.

He had breakfast when you rang up.

3. They (to discuss) the new film when our neighbour (to knock) at the door.

They were discussing the new film when our neighbor knocked at the door

4. You (to go) to the institute when I (to meet) you in the street yesterday.

You were going to the institute when I met you in the street yesterday

5. What (to do) you when your sister (to come) in.

What were you doing when your sister entered the room?

6. My father (to read) a newspaper when I (to ring) you up.

My father was reading a newspaper when I rang you up

7. Ben (to play) chess when you (to enter) the room.

Ben was playing chess when you entered the room

8. She (to take) a music lesson when your friend (to call) on me.

She was talkina music lesson when your friend called on me

 

4. Use the words in brackets.

 

1. Kate is (young) than Mary.

Kate is younger than Mary.

2. John is the (clever) boy in the class.

John is the smartest boy in the class.

3. The weather is (dull) today than it was yesterday.

The weather is duller today than it was yesterday.

4. London is one of the (big) cities in the world.

London is one of the biggest cities in the world.

5. My dog is as (good) as yours.

My dog is a good as yours.

6. His dog is (good) than yours.

His dog is better than yours.

7. Her dog is the (good) of the three.

Her dog is the best of the three.

8. This is the (wonderful) and (beautiful) film I have ever seen.

This is the most wonderful and beautiful film I have ever seen.

 

5. Translate the sentences into Russian

 

1. I didn’t have to wait for the manager, the secretary signed the papers.

Мне не пришлось ждать менеджера, секретарь подписала документы

2. The advice of professionals should not be ignored.

Нельзя игнорировать советы профессора

3. He is to meet us at the station at 5.

Он встретил нас на станции  в 5

4. It’s too late that’s why I should leave.

Слишком поздно, поэтому  я должен идти

5. You needn’t go there today.

Сегодня тебе не нужно туда идти

6. We suggested it several times but he wouldn’t agree.

Мы предложили это несколько  раз, но он не соглашается

7. You may stay here for a couple of days.

Ты можешь остаться здесь  на пару дней.

8. The clerk said the plane was to arrive in two hours.

Служащий сказал, что самолёт  прибывает через два часа