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Some public holidays have remained in the Republic of Kazakhstan since the Soviet Union time. These are the New Year's Day on January 1-2, the International Women's Day on March 8, and the Victory Day on May 9.
On the Victory Day many residents of the city of Almaty, among them are not only the war and labour veterans but also young people, come to lay flowers at the Eternal Flame in the park named after 28 guardsmen "Panfilovetsi", who heroically perished on November 16, 1941 near the crossing point Dubosekovo while defending the city of Moscow.
Some public holidays have remained in the Republic of Kazakhstan since the Soviet Union time. These are the New Year's Day on January 1-2, the International Women's Day on March 8, and the Victory Day on May 9.
On the Victory Day many residents of the city of Almaty, among them are not only the war and labour veterans but also young people, come to lay flowers at the Eternal Flame in the park named after 28 guardsmen "Panfilovetsi", who heroically perished on November 16, 1941 near the crossing point Dubosekovo while defending the city of Moscow.
There are also some new holidays that appeared since the republic sovereignty. These are the Independence Day on December, 16, the Constitution Day on August, 30 and the Republic Day on October, 25. These days mark the important dates in the life of the young developing republic:
— on October 25, 1990 the Declaration on State Sovereignty was adopted.
— on December 16, 1991 Kazakhstan proclaimed itself an independant state.
— on August 30, 1995 the second Constitution of the Republic of Kazakhstan was adopted at the Republican Referendum.
The Kazakhstan People's Unity Day on May, 1 can be also considered as one of the recently appeared holidays. For many people May Day had no political overtones and it was simply one more good spring holiday. The Government of Kazakhstan took into consideration the wishes of citizens and left May Day, having wrapped it up in new "neutral" clothes.
Nauryz Meyramy or Nauriz was taken from Iran’s traditional New Year celebration called Nowruz. It is believed that the first celebration of the holiday was made even before Islam was introduced in ancient Kazakhstan.
Nauryz Meyramy is one of the important and the most anticipated holidays in Kazakhstan. Apart from Iran, the holiday is also celebrated in other countries in Central Asia such as Afghanistan and Azerbaijan. Although the holiday is non-religious in nature, it was tied up to a number of legends such as the awakening of mother nature and the triumph of good over evil with spring representing the former and winter representing the latter.
The celebration of Nauryz Meyramy was halted and made less festive during the occupation of the Russian Empire in the country in the mid-19th century. However, it remained to be part of the people’s way of life and has managed to exist until it was formally reinstated in 1988, three years before it finally declared independence from Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) on December 16, 1991
The holiday "Nauryz Meyrami" on March, 22, which was abolished by the Soviet rule in 1926 and reinstated in 1988, stands apart from other holidays in Kazakhastan. The final date of March, 22 acquired its official status as a public holiday on March 15, 1991 after the decree of the Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic's President "On the national holiday of spring — Nauryz Meyrami".
The Holiday of Nauryz is one of the oldest holidays in the world. It has been celebrated as a holiday of spring and nature renewal for more than 5 thousand years. The holiday marks New Year according to the ancient Oriental calendar. This day adorned nomad's tents, where anyone can taste some festive meal, are put up in the streets of towns and villages of Kazakhstan. Mass games are held everywhere. Dashing horsemen take part in traditional races.In the days of Nauryz the well-to-do persons and big foreign and domestic financial and industrial companies are active in providing charitable assistance to orphanages, boarding schools, nursing homes, families without trustees and guardians, the poor and other needy members of society. Modern holiday of Nauryz has preserved some traditions and customs of the ancient times. The national culture is being revivied and it is an important connecting link of the "joint of times", between the history and the present of Kazakhstan.
January, 1 — New Year's Day
The unique geographical location of the country affects many spheres of activity of Kazakhstan. For example, Kazakhstan holidays combine European and Oriental elements and it is a sign of the rich history of Kazakh people.
January, 7 — Christmas Day (Orthodox Christmas)
On the night from January, 6-7 the Kazakh people like other member of the Orthodox Church celebrate the Orthodox Christmas. In the republic it became a holiday that has been celebrated regardless of nationality and religion.
March, 8 — International Women's Day
The International Women's Day is widely celebrated in the Republic of Kazakhstan, as in other countries. All the men in Kazakhstan are thoroughly preparing to this holiday, planning what present to give to a mother, daughter, aunt or grandmother. Nauryz
March 22nd. Nauryz is an ancient Turkic New Year, the celebration of coming Spring on the day of the Vernal Equinox. There are a lot of holiday activities around the city, most of which represent Kazakh national traditions. Asians really enjoy this day, while for others it may be no more than an official holiday. Walk around downtown to listen to akyns (national poets/singers), see national contests, folk games, dancing, etc. Kazakh national food is everywhere, but cooking nauryz kozhe is a must. Nauryz kozhe (a special holiday dish) consists of seven components – wheat, oats, rice, barley, raisins, wild apricots, and millet. It symbolizes the hope for well-being in the coming year. You may say Nauryz kutty bolsyn! to wish a happy holiday in Kazakh
March, 16 — Republican Guards of Kazakhstan Day
The Republican Guards of Kazakhstan is a young organisation but a worthy competitor to the famous airborne troops or marine.
March, 22 — Nauryz Meyrami
Nauryz Meyrami is a holiday of spring renewal in Kazakhstan. It comes from the peoples of the East and appeared long before the adoption of Islam, therefore, lacks religious ritualism and orientation. Together with these official holidays, religious holidays are widely observed: Kurban Bayram (Eid al) and Ramadan among Muslims; Easter and Christmas among Сhristians. There are many less significant days which,while not public holidays like the ones listed above, are marked with outdoor markets, festivals, fireworks and other entertainments. Interestingly, it was only after gaining independence that the Kazakhs began celebrating the ancient festival of Nauryz again, after а 70-year interruption. The Soviets banned Nauryz, considering it too religious. In fact, this unjustly forgotten holiday is not of religious origin at all, Nauryz has its roots in paganism In ancient times people believed that on the first day of spring (as the name of the holiday translates from Persian), angels and thе spirits of the daed descended (о earth to bless the chosen ones. It was our ancestors' fаvоurite holiday because it lasted longer than all the others а whole month! All through the month people paid each other visits, forgave wrongs, cancelled debts, and exempted slaves from their usual duties.
May, 1 — People's Unity Day
May Day has undergone some changes since the Soviet Union times, and now it is a holiday of unity of the people of Kazakhstan. Day of People’s of the Republic of Kazakhstan
May 1st. During Soviet times, it was the Day of Working People’s Solidarity and was renamed the Day of National Unity as Kazakhstan gained independence. Older generations, nostalgic for Soviet times, warmly congratulate each other. For most people, it’s just a day off without any ideological implication.
Almaty was one of the fortunate cities not directly affected by the war because German troops never reached Central Asia. Almaty housed many refugees and a lot of institutions were evacuated to Almaty from invaded regions. For example, Mosfilm (Moscow Film Studio) and the Children’s Theater boosted the local cinema and theater progress.
May, 9 — Victory Day
Victory Day (Victory of the Soviet people in Great Patriotic War) is widely celebrated among the population of Kazakhstan. This day is a demonstration of the homeland and people being protected from the evil forces. In Kazakhstan the Victory Day is celebrated for two days, on May, 9-10. Victory Day
May 9th. The day of the victory in the Great Patriotic War (1941-1945) is a very important day for all the ex-Soviet states. Over 20 million Soviet people perished during the war and, in fact, there was at least one dead in every family. Even though there are very few veterans left, the government – much to the disgust of the people – eliminated all kinds of benefits that they enjoyed.
June, 23 — Kazakhstan Police Day
In 1992 the Supreme Council of the Republic of Kazakhstan adopted the Law «On the Bodies of the Internal of the Republic of Kazakhstan». This was the first legal act that defined the tasks and functions of the Kazakh police.
July, 6 — President of Kazakhstan Birthday. Day of Astana, the capital city of Kazakhstan
Former names of Astana are Akmolinsk from 1830 to 1961, Tselinograd from 1961 to 1992, Akmola from 1992 to 1998. Astana is the capital city of the Republic of Kazakhstan since December 10, 1997. The city is located in the steppe zone of the Ishim River, in the place of its closest approach to the Nura River.
Constitution Day is a public holiday in Kazakhstan.
Kazakhstan is one of the last Soviet republics to get freedom in December 1991. Its Constitution was adopted on August 30, 1995 — almost four years after their independence. On August 30, the entire political system became a democracy, replacing communism. The change in the political system marks a very important era as an independent Kazakhstan became a sovereign and economically liberal republic.
The history of August 30, 1995, started before Kazakhstan’s independence. It became a sovereign republic within the Union of Soviet Socialist Republic in October 1990. August of 1991 saw an aborted coup effort in Moscow, which resulted in Kazakhstan gaining its independence on December 16, 1991.
Though Kazakhastan got its independence in December 1991, the economy and political system was the old one from the Soviet Union days. It was on Constitution Day, August 30, 1995, the constitution was given a new facelift in an attempt to make Kazakhstan a democratic republic.
An exception to making Kazakhastan a democracy is the fact that President Nursultan Nazarbayev has been granted lifetime power. Nursultan Nazarbayev started out as the head of the Communist Party of Kazakhstan in 1989. Democracy in Kazakhstan is fighting against the early communist perception. However, it is still an improvement over the previous system. The major thing that changed following the new constitution was the economy. Kazakhstan is a mineral rich country with abundant resources of uranium, chromium, zinc, oil, natural gas and diamonds.
August 30the, gives the people of Kazakhstan a big reason to celebrate its history. The Constitution Day is celebrated all over Kazakhstan. It is not only a mark of a free country but a free country with lots of economic growth, which is worth celebrating.
The educational institutions reinforce this day as an important lesson in their history and their rule of law. The media plays its part in educating the citizens about the constitution and the constitutional developments. The Supreme Court spreads awareness about the importance of judiciary system in the country. It also tries to bring forward the facts about how constitution encourages and protects the country’s sovereignty, human rights and the benefits of independence.
The Supreme Court conducts seminars in high schools. The atmosphere is full of festivity and lot of special performances and events are organized by the citizens to celebrate this day. After all, it is the constitution, which brings about changes and protects the interest of the common mass of a country.
October, 25 — Republic Day
The Republic Day is connected with the historic event — the assertion of the sovereignty of Kazakhstan. On October 25, 1990 the Supreme Council of the Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic adopted the Declaration "On State Sovereignty of the Kazakh Soviet Socialist Rebublic".
Independence Day is a public holiday in Kazakhstan.
Kazakhstan was the last of the former Soviet Republics to declare its independence from the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics on December 16, 1991. Even though the Supreme Council of the Kazakh SSR accepted the Declaration on State Sovereignty of the Kazakh SSR on October 25, 1990, it wasn’t until December 16, 1991 that Kazakhstan adopted the constitutional law on the independence of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
The Russians had been advancing into Kazakhstan since the 18th century, but not until the mid-19th century was all of Kazakhstan taken by the Russian Empire. Following the Russian Revolution in 1917 that led to the creation of the Soviet Union under a Bolshevik Government, Kazakhstan became a battle ground for civil war, finally forming the Kazakh Soviet Socialist. Kazakh became important to the Soviets as the site for the Baikonur Cosmodrome—the first and largest operational space launch facility in the world—and the Semipalatinsk Polygon—the USSR’s primary testing site for nuclear weapons. After the historical fall of the Soviet Union in 1991, Kazakhstan declared itself independent on December 16, 1991. Nursultan Nazarbayev, a Kazakhstan communist-era leader, became the country’s first president.
The president and government, accompanied by politicians and public figures, usually head festivities in the presidential palace, Ak Orda, in Astana, capital city of Kazakhstan. Kazakhs celebrate Independence Day by dressing in traditional clothes, and villages will set up a yurt, a kind of elaborate tent used by the nomad Kazakhs. In the yurk is served meals, especially a dish of horse meat called beshbarmak. Kazakhs take the opportunity of the day off to visit friends and family, bringing gifts like flowers or candies. It is usual to organize tournaments with traditional games like horse races surrounded by other amusing activities and popular games.
December 31st – January 1st. December 31st is a working day, and people sometimes rest on January 1st and January 2nd. New Year’s Eve is by far the biggest holiday for all ex-Soviet people, as well as their favorite. They love it so much, in fact, they celebrate it twice a year. One of the most difficult things for expats to understand is what “Old New Year” means. Before Peter the Great (d.1725 AD), the Russian calendar was the Julian calendar, 13 days behind the European one. Peter, a great reformer, made a ruling to change the calendar, but people’s habits were harder to change, and they continued to follow the old-style calendar for religious holidays and every day occasions. So, there is a real New Year’s Eve, the night of December 31st and January 1st, and the Old New Year on January 12th . The Orthodox Church, which was in opposition to most of Peter’s reforms, also refused to assume the Gregorian calendar and, for example, still celebrates Christmas on January 7th while the rest of the Christian world has festivities on December 25th.
As a greeting, say “S Novyom Godom!” (Happy New Year!) in Russian.
International Women’s Day
Celebrated on the 8th of March, International Women’s Day is very similar to the American Mother’s Day. The only difference is that not only mothers, but also all girls and women are congratulated. Local men give flowers and gifts to their female relatives and colleagues. At home, they do housework and try to be real gentlemen. Women can also give each other flowers and presents. The common greeting in Russian is “S Vosmym Marta!”
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