Aspects of Programming

Leibniz had as ideal the following.
(1) Create a ‘universal language’ in which all possible problems can be stated.
(2) Find a decision method to solve all the problems stated in the universal
language.
If one restricts oneself to mathematical problems, point (1) of Leibniz’ ideal
is fulfilled by taking some form of set theory formulated in the language of
first order predicate logic. This was the situation after Frege and Russell (or
Zermelo).

1 Introduction
5
2 Conversion
9
3 The Power of Lambda
17
4 Reduction
23
5 Type Assignment
33
6 Extensions
41
7 Reduction Systems
47
Bibliography