Автор: Пользователь скрыл имя, 07 Февраля 2013 в 13:53, курсовая работа
Курсовая работа 39 страниц, 33 источника.
Key words: youth culture, subculture, history, origin, fashion, ideology, influence, problems
Object: American youth culture
Subject: the history of different youth cultures and subcultures in the USA; their influence and problems
Methods of research: study of literature on the history of American youth culture and subcultures; analysis of their influence and problems
Purpose: to study the history and the main types of youth cultures and subcultures in the USA to understand their influence and problems
Introduction……………………………………………………………... 4
1 The history of the youth culture in the USA………………………… 6
The origin of the term “culture”………………………………. 6
Youth Culture of 18th and 19th centuries…………………….. 8
Youth Culture of 20th century……………………………........ 10
2 The most popular subcultures in the USA…………………………... 14
2.1 The definition of the term “subculture”…………………….. .. 14
2.2 The history of subcultures in the 20th century……………….. 16
2.3 The origin, fashion and ideology of subcultures…………….. 23
2.3.1 Punks……………………………………………………. 23
2.3.2 Emos…………………………………………………….. 25
2.3.3 Hip-hoppers……………………………………………... 26
2.3.3.1 Rapping and dj………………………………….. 27
2.3.3.2 Breaking…………………………………………. 28
2.3.3.3 Graffiti art……………………………………….. 29
2.3.4 Goths…………………………………………………….. 30
2.3.5 Skinheads………………………………………………... 31
2.4 The influence of subcultures and their problems……………. 33
Conclusion……………………………………………………………… 36
Bibliography……………………………………………………………. 38
The next step to achieve our aim was the study of the history of youth culture in the USA. Considered the history of American youth culture we may draw a conclusion that the historic events had a great influence on the development of different historical youth cultures. But young people across history have demonstrated great resourcefulness in collectively exploiting those limitations to gain some self-directed social space.
Also in this job we considered subcultures in the USA, their origin, fashion and ideology to understand their influence and problems. Social class, gender and ethnicity can be important in relation to youth subcultures. Youth subcultures can be defined as meaning systems, modes of expression or lifestyles developed by groups in subordinate structural positions in response to dominant systems — and which reflect their attempt to solve structural contradictions rising from the wider societal context. The study of subcultures often consists of the study of the symbolism attached to clothing, music, other visible affections by members of the subculture and also the ways in which these same symbols are interpreted by members of the dominant culture.
Some people think that subculture is useful, but other people consider that subculture and its followers are dangerous for society. Why do people have so different opinions? One people think that subcultures give youth such facilities as to meet with each other and hear many new things, to take part in meetings, where they listen to music and rest, to help each other, when member of group need to help and all of these things are very well. But the other people notice that subcultures have a lot of such dark sides as firstly, members of some groups think, that force is only decision of many arguments; secondly, people use drugs, alcohol in order to relax, they become addict, weak-willed; thirdly, different groups make war between each other, they make massacre, oppose to ceremonial power. But even we will take into account both positive and negative we can’t say that subcultures are bad or good. Most probably this question will be asked for a long time.
This job has a great social significance, because nowadays both in the USA and in our countries there are a lot of different subcultures with their problems. And to understand how we may dispose of these problems, at first we should study the different types of subcultures and their influence on the youth. Only when we find the root of problems we will be able to put the axe in the helve. Also this job is social important because it can be used in different educational institutions for study of American youth culture.
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